Toward a framework for developing virtual reality skills training in human services

Abstract Virtual Reality (VR) is used increasingly for training in human services. A framework that can guide the development and implementation of VR training approaches in human services is needed if the promise of VR is to be realized. Toward this end, we provide design and development recommendations originating from work creating two VR training applications for the child welfare workforce. Our focus is on the training and practice of skills. We begin by providing a brief overview of VR training and the need for effective skills training approaches. Next, orienting information about the two applications is provided. Then, we discuss areas we believe need to be addressed to develop effective VR skills training approaches; namely, incorporating evidence-based learning theories, gaining and maintaining learner engagement using motivational strategies, and creating collaborative technology development teams. The article concludes with a discussion regarding ethical issues that should be considered when developing technology that will be used for training in human services.