婚姻对中东和北非妇女就业的影响

IF 3.3 2区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Feminist Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-21 DOI:10.1080/13545701.2021.2007415
R. Assaad, C. Krafft, Irène Selwaness
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引用次数: 13

摘要

在中东和北非,婚姻是向成年过渡的核心阶段。本文调查了婚姻对中东和北非地区妇女就业的影响,考察了不同类型的工作如何受到相对早婚的影响,即按结婚年龄中位数定义的婚姻。这项研究的一个重要贡献是考察了婚姻影响工作的两个主要机制:(1)婚姻对不断进入工作的影响和(2)婚姻对退出工作的影响。本研究采用工具变量法对婚姻决策进行内生分析。研究发现,在约旦,按中位年龄结婚会使女性从事市场工作的可能性降低47%,在突尼斯降低30%,在埃及降低16%。这种影响很大程度上是由于私人带薪工作的可能性降低,而女性往往会在结婚后离开。亮点埃及、约旦和突尼斯的妇女经常在结婚时离职。按中位年龄结婚对不同类型的就业有不同的影响。妇女结婚后特别有可能离开私营部门从事有薪工作。需要做出改变,使私人带薪就业与妇女的家庭角色相协调。
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The Impact of Marriage on Women's Employment in the Middle East and North Africa
Marriage is a central stage in the transition to adulthood in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This article investigates the effect of marriage on women's employment in MENA, examining how different types of work are affected by relatively early marriage, defined as marriage by the median age of marriage. An important contribution of this study is to examine the two main mechanisms by which marriage can affect work: (1) its effect on ever entering work and (2) its effect on exiting work. This study endogenizes the marriage decision using an instrumental variables approach. It finds that marriage by the median age reduces women's probability of market work by 47 percent in Jordan, 30 percent in Tunisia, and 16 percent in Egypt. Much of the effect is due to a reduction in the probability of private wage work, which women tend to leave at marriage. HIGHLIGHTS Women in Egypt, Jordan, and Tunisia often leave employment at marriage. Marrying by the median age has varying effects on different types of employment. Women are particularly likely to leave private sector wage work at marriage. Changes are needed to reconcile private wage employment with women's domestic roles.
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来源期刊
Feminist Economics
Feminist Economics Multiple-
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
4.30%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: Feminist Economics is a peer-reviewed journal that provides an open forum for dialogue and debate about feminist economic perspectives. By opening new areas of economic inquiry, welcoming diverse voices, and encouraging critical exchanges, the journal enlarges and enriches economic discourse. The goal of Feminist Economics is not just to develop more illuminating theories but to improve the conditions of living for all children, women, and men. Feminist Economics: -Advances feminist inquiry into economic issues affecting the lives of children, women, and men -Examines the relationship between gender and power in the economy and the construction and legitimization of economic knowledge -Extends feminist theoretical, historical, and methodological contributions to economics and the economy -Offers feminist insights into the underlying constructs of the economics discipline and into the historical, political, and cultural context of economic knowledge -Provides a feminist rethinking of theory and policy in diverse fields, including those not directly related to gender -Stimulates discussions among diverse scholars worldwide and from a broad spectrum of intellectual traditions, welcoming cross-disciplinary and cross-country perspectives, especially from countries in the South
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