冰盖表面风化壳和微生物活动的模型

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Cryosphere Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI:10.5194/tc-17-1967-2023
Tilly Woods, I. Hewitt
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要穿透冰盖表面下的短波辐射会导致内部融化,并形成一个被称为风化壳的近表面多孔层,这是一个动态的水文系统,为杂质和微生物生命提供了家园。我们开发了一个数学模型,结合热力学和种群动力学,为这些层的演变。该模型考虑了质量和能量守恒,内部和表面吸收的辐射,以及由来自融化冰的营养物质介导的微生物物种的逻辑生长。它还考虑了潜在的熔融反照率和微生物反照率反馈,通过吸收系数对孔隙度或微生物浓度的依赖。我们研究了模型的一维稳定融化解,根据一些参数对风化壳深度、含水量、融化速率和微生物丰度进行了预测。特别是,我们研究了这些量如何依赖于强迫能量通量,发现短波(表面穿透)辐射和其他热通量的相对量在确定风化壳的结构方面特别重要。这些结果解释了为什么风化壳在不同的强迫条件下形成和消失,并提出了一系列可能的行为变化,以响应气候变化。
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A model of the weathering crust and microbial activity on an ice-sheet surface
Abstract. Shortwave radiation penetrating beneath an ice-sheet surface can cause internal melting and the formation of a near-surface porous layer known as the weathering crust, a dynamic hydrological system that provides home to impurities and microbial life. We develop a mathematical model, incorporating thermodynamics and population dynamics, for the evolution of such layers. The model accounts for conservation of mass and energy, for internal and surface-absorbed radiation, and for logistic growth of a microbial species mediated by nutrients that are sourced from the melting ice. It also accounts for potential melt–albedo and microbe–albedo feedbacks, through the dependence of the absorption coefficient on the porosity or microbial concentration. We investigate one-dimensional steadily melting solutions of the model, which give rise to predictions for the weathering crust depth, water content, melt rate, and microbial abundance, depending on a number of parameters. In particular, we examine how these quantities depend on the forcing energy fluxes, finding that the relative amounts of shortwave (surface-penetrating) radiation and other heat fluxes are particularly important in determining the structure of the weathering crust. The results explain why weathering crusts form and disappear under different forcing conditions and suggest a range of possible changes in behaviour in response to climate change.
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来源期刊
Cryosphere
Cryosphere GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
17.30%
发文量
240
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Cryosphere (TC) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of research articles, short communications, and review papers on all aspects of frozen water and ground on Earth and on other planetary bodies. The main subject areas are the following: ice sheets and glaciers; planetary ice bodies; permafrost and seasonally frozen ground; seasonal snow cover; sea ice; river and lake ice; remote sensing, numerical modelling, in situ and laboratory studies of the above and including studies of the interaction of the cryosphere with the rest of the climate system.
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