饲料作物:当前和未来气候适应的功能性状多样性库

IF 1.8 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Crop & Pasture Science Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI:10.1071/CP22200
Indu I, B. Mehta, P. Shashikumara, G. Gupta, N. Dikshit, S. Chand, P. K. Yadav, Shahid Ahmed, Rajesh Kumar Singhal
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引用次数: 2

摘要

气候变化和全球变暖是人类活动导致的最严重的灾难,它们已经在全球范围内引发挑战,并威胁着未来全球粮食、环境和营养安全。气候变化影响生态系统服务以及生物和非生物因子之间的相互作用。最严重的后果发生在农业和畜牧业部门,生产和生产力潜力下降。农业及相关部门对温室气体的产生有显著贡献;但是,综合管理做法可用于减少温室气体排放及其不利影响。饲料作物及其野生近缘种维持生物多样性和生态系统服务,并尽量减少气候变化的剧烈影响。适应恶劣环境的饲料作物具有多年生、根系深、资源利用效率高(光、养分和水分)、甲烷和N2O产量低等特点,适合未来在气候变化条件下利用。这篇综述强调了各种栽培和牧场饲料作物的突出特征,这些特征可能对了解气候变化的影响至关重要。我们讨论了饲料作物的野生近缘种,它们通常适应多种胁迫,并强调了它们在气候变化下的适应机制。我们认为先进的育种和生物技术工具有助于开发气候智能型饲料作物。本文综述了饲料作物及其野生近缘种在未来胁迫育种中的应用,为气候适应型作物的开发提供了新的思路。
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Forage crops: a repository of functional trait diversity for current and future climate adaptation
ABSTRACT Climate change and global warming are the foremost anthropogenically accelerated catastrophes that are already causing world-wide challenges, but threaten to thwart global food, environmental and nutritional security in the future. Climate change affects ecosystem services and interactions between biotic and abiotic factors. The most drastic consequences have been observed in the agricultural and livestock sector, with diminished production and productivity potential. Agriculture and allied sectors contribute markedly to the production of greenhouse gases; however, integrated management practices can be used to curtail greenhouse gas emissions and its adverse impacts. Forage crops and their wild relatives maintain biodiversity and ecosystem services and minimise the drastic effects of climate change. Forage crops adapted to harsh environments have certain unique features such as perenniality, deep root system, high resource-use efficiency (light, nutrients and water), and low production of methane and N2O, making them suitable for future use under climate change. This review highlights the prominent features of various cultivated and rangeland forage crops that may be crucial to understanding impacts of climate change. We discuss the wild relatives of forage crops, which are often adapted for multiple stresses, and highlight their mechanisms for adaptation under climate change. We consider the advanced breeding and biotechnological tools useful for developing climate-smart forage crops. This review provides novel insight into forage crops and their wild relatives in terms of their exploitation in future stress breeding programmes and paths for developing climate-resilient crops.
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来源期刊
Crop & Pasture Science
Crop & Pasture Science AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
15.80%
发文量
111
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Crop and Pasture Science (formerly known as Australian Journal of Agricultural Research) is an international journal publishing outcomes of strategic research in crop and pasture sciences and the sustainability of farming systems. The primary focus is broad-scale cereals, grain legumes, oilseeds and pastures. Articles are encouraged that advance understanding in plant-based agricultural systems through the use of well-defined and original aims designed to test a hypothesis, innovative and rigorous experimental design, and strong interpretation. The journal embraces experimental approaches from molecular level to whole systems, and the research must present novel findings and progress the science of agriculture. Crop and Pasture Science is read by agricultural scientists and plant biologists, industry, administrators, policy-makers, and others with an interest in the challenges and opportunities facing world agricultural production. Crop and Pasture Science is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.
期刊最新文献
<i>Corrigendum to</i>: Forage crops: a repository of functional trait diversity for current and future climate adaptation Crop wild relatives: the road to climate change adaptation Salinity, alkalinity and their combined stress effects on germination and seedling growth attributes in oats (Avena sativa) Tagasaste silvopastures in steep-hill country. 2. Effect of increasing proximity to tagasaste on growth and survival of companion pasture species Inclusion of Egyptian clover improves the value of sorghum-based cropping systems
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