儿童支气管扩张的手术治疗:南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省一家中央卫生机构11年的经验

M. Hbish, Jing Chen, P. Jeena
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景。小儿支气管扩张症的手术治疗鲜有报道。目的:探讨支气管扩张症患儿的临床表现、手术治疗及预后。方法。我们回顾性地回顾了2004年1月至2014年12月在南非德班Inkosi Albert Luthuli中心医院因支气管扩张而行肺切除术的0 - 13岁儿童的电子记录。分析临床、影像学和术前支气管镜检查结果,以及手术和组织学结果。88例患者接受了手术切除。男女比例为3:2,平均手术年龄8.2岁(2 - 13岁);39例感染艾滋病毒,39例未感染艾滋病毒。结核病(TB) (n=68;77.2%)是支气管扩张最常见的原因,复发性胸部感染(n= 45;51.1%)是最常见的临床表现。影像学检查证实孤立性左侧病变40例(45.4%),孤立性右侧病变28例(31.8%),双侧病变20例(22.7%)。伴有纤维空化的囊性疾病(n=35;39.7%)为最常见的形态学疾病类型。术前支气管肺泡灌洗样本证实27例患者(30.6%)为细菌病因。最常见的手术方式是33例(37.0%)的原发性全肺切除术,30例(34.0%)的肺叶切除术和13例(14.7%)的胆叶切除术。术后无症状75例,并发症13例。2例患儿(2.2%)死亡,1例败血症,1例术中缺氧。70例患者接受了完全切除。术后1个月,89.2%的患者无症状,77.7%有症状的患者HIV阳性。晚期支气管扩张儿童全肺切除术是安全的,发病率和死亡率低。hiv阳性患者的手术与较差的预后无关,也没有禁忌症。预防艾滋病毒和结核病的措施可以减轻儿童支气管扩张的负担。
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Surgical treatment of bronchiectasis in children: An 11-year experience at a central health facility in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Background. The surgical management of children with bronchiectasis has seldom been reported.Objective. To describe the presentation, surgical management and outcomes in children with bronchiectasis presenting for surgery. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the electronic records of 0 - 13-year-old children who underwent pulmonary resection for bronchiectasis at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, South Africa, between January 2004 and December 2014. Clinical, radiological and preoperative bronchoscopic findings, as well as surgical and histological outcomes, were analysed.Results. Eighty-eight patients underwent surgical resection. The female/male ratio was 3:2, with a mean age at surgery of 8.2 (range 2 - 13) years; 39 patients were HIV infected and 39 were HIV uninfected. Tuberculosis (TB) (n=68; 77.2%) was the most common cause of bronchiectasis, and recurrent chest infection (n= 45; 51.1%) was the most common clinical finding. Radiological examination confirmed isolated left-sided disease in 40 children (45.4%), isolated right-sided disease in 28 (31.8%) and bilateral disease in 20 (22.7%). Saccular disease with fibrocavitation (n=35; 39.7%) was the most common morphological disease type. Preoperative bronchoalveolar lavage samples confirmed a bacterial cause in 27 patients (30.6%). The most common operative procedures were primary pneumonectomy in 33 patients (37.0%), lobectomy in 30 (34.0%) and bilobectomy in 13 (14.7%). Seventy-five patients were asymptomatic after the operation and complications occurred in 13. Two children (2.2%), one with sepsis and the other with intraoperative hypoxia, died. Seventy patients underwent complete resection. At 1 month after surgery, 89.2% of patients were asymptomatic, while 77.7% of symptomatic patients were HIV positive.Conclusions. Complete pulmonary resection in children with advanced-stage bronchiectasis is safe, with a low morbidity and mortality. Surgery in HIV-positive patients was not associated with worse outcomes and is not contraindicated. HIV- and TB-preventive measures could reduce the burden of childhood bronchiectasis.
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0.60
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0.00%
发文量
21
审稿时长
12 weeks
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