短语结构对比德语-西班牙语:一个基于语料库的基于反讽比较的描述模型

Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI:10.1515/phras-2019-0005
Mellado Blanco Carmen
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引用次数: 7

摘要

摘要在结构语法领域持续稀疏的语际研究中,语法结构是研究的主要关注点(Koch 2016;Boas和Ziem 2018),而结构习语被定义为具有词汇固定成分和自由词汇槽的形义配对,主要是单语分析,只有极少数例外。参见Dobrovol’skij和Pöppel(2017)、Mollica和Schafoms(2018)以及Mellado Blanco等人(即将出版)。缺乏从对比的角度进行研究可能与结构习语在词汇上的具体化不足以及难以评估其较高的语用潜力有关。在这种背景下,本文旨在通过德语和西班牙语这对语言来推动结构习语和结构语法领域的对比研究。为了实现这一目标,利用五个比较参数,开发了一种基于语料库的多层次描述方法,用于在词典学水平上确定和分析语际等效结构习语。对比描述模型成功地应用于比较结构习语[von A so viel verstehen/Ahnung haben/sich auskennen wie X von/vom Y](“von A absolut nichts verstehen”)([从A V获得与X从Y一样多的理解/知识](“从A完全不理解”))及其西班牙语功能等效结构[Ventender/saber de A lo(mismo)que/como yo de X]。这两种比较结构分别具有否定价值和显著的反讽意义。从结构语法的角度来看,它们的语内描述代表了本文的进一步目标。
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Phrasem-Konstruktionen kontrastiv Deutsch–Spanisch: ein korpusbasiertes Beschreibungsmodell anhand ironischer Vergleiche
Abstract In the persistently sparse interlingual studies in the field of Construction Grammar, grammatical constructions are the main concern of research (Koch 2016; Boas and Ziem 2018), while constructional idioms, defined as form–meaning pairings with lexically fixed constituents and free lexical slots, have been analyzed mainly monolingually, with very few exceptions. See, amongst others, Dobrovol’skij and Pöppel (2017), Mollica and Schafroth (2018) and Mellado Blanco et al. (forthcoming). This lack of studies from a contrastive point of view may be related to the lexical underspecification of constructional idioms and to the difficulties in assessing their often high pragmatic potential. Against this background, the present paper aims to give impetus to the contrastive studies in the field of constructional idioms and Construction Grammar by means of the language pair German–Spanish. In order to achieve this goal, a multi-level corpus-based description method for the determination and analysis of interlingual equivalent constructional idioms at the lexicographical level was developed using five comparison parameters. The contrastive description model was successfully implemented on the comparative constructional idiom [von A so viel verstehen/Ahnung haben/sich auskennen wie X von/vom Y] (‘von A absolut nichts verstehen’) ([from A V to have as much understanding / knowledge as X from Y] (‘to understand absolutely nothing from A’)) and on its functionally equivalent construction in Spanish [Ventender/saber de A lo (mismo) que/como yo de X]. Both comparative constructions are characterized by their negation value and a pronounced ironic meaning, respectively. Their intralingual description from a constructional grammatical point of view represents a further goal of this paper.
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