Joseph Madondo, C. Canet, Fernando Núñez-Useche, E. González-Partida
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引用次数: 0
摘要
墨西哥中北部的“Montaña de Manganeso”矿区出现了大量的碧玉露头。它们的范围从巨大的含锰碧玉到高度角砾化的赤铁矿碧玉。“Montaña de Manganeso”的碧玉岩主要作为石灰岩、砂岩和页岩的替代物出现,通常位于高角度断层系统附近。碧玉的矿物学由石英及其多晶型(玉髓、鳞石英和方石英)、Fe-Mn氢氧化物、方解石和少量重晶石组成。许多露头显示出若干时期角砾岩和硅化的证据。碧玉的地球化学特征表明硅化作用是热液活动的产物。碧玉岩富含Ba、Sr、as、Cr、Mo、Sb、Ni、Zn和Cu等热液来源元素,而Ti、K、Th和Zr等碎屑来源元素则强烈贫化。元素比例,如(Fe+Mn)/Ti、Al/(Al+Fe+Tn)、Fe/Mn和U/Th,以及Al-Fe-Mn和Fe-Mn-(Ni+Co+Cu)×10三元图证实了水热成因。低∑REE、LREE比HREE富集、负Ce异常和正Y异常(YPASS/HoPAAS)也支持了热液过程。地质证据以补给带和广泛的热液蚀变的形式表明,形成岩石的二氧化硅来源于上升的热流体。
Geology and geochemistry of jasperoids from the ‘Montaña de Manganeso’ district, San Luis Potosí, north-central Mexico
Large outcrops of jasperoids occur in the ‘Montaña de Manganeso’ mining district in north-central Mexico. They range from massive manganiferous jasperoids to highly brecciated, hematitic jasperoid. The jasperoids of ‘Montaña de Manganeso’ occur mainly as replacements of limestone, sandstone and shale, commonly nearby high-angle fault systems. The mineralogy of the jasperoids consist of quartz and its polymorphs (chalcedony, tridymite and cristobalite), Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides, calcite and minor barite. Many outcrops show evidence of several periods of brecciation and silicification. The geochemical signature of the jasperoids suggests that silicification was product of hydrothermal activity. The jasperoids display enrichment in elements of hydrothermal provenance such as Ba, Sr, As, Cr, Mo, Sb, Ni, Zn and Cu, whereas are strongly depleted in the elements indicative of clastic sources such as Ti, K, Th and Zr. Element ratios such as (Fe+Mn)/Ti, Al/(Al+Fe+Mn), Fe/Mn and U /Th, along with the Al-Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn-(Ni+Co+Cu)×10 ternary diagrams confirm a hydrothermal origin. Low ∑REE, an enrichment of LREE over HREE, negative Ce anomalies and positive Y anomalies (YPASS/HoPAAS) also support the hydrothermal processes. The geological evidence, in the form of a feeder zone and extensive hydrothermal alteration, show that the silica forming the rocks originated from ascending hot fluids.