被遗忘权与披露配子捐赠者身份的权利:道德和法律考虑

IF 0.5 4区 哲学 Q4 ETHICS Acta Bioethica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI:10.4067/S1726-569X2021000100069
Mónica Correia, G. Rêgo, R. Nunes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在医学辅助生殖技术(ART)的背景下,配子捐赠者的匿名性和后代知道其遗传或生物学父母身份的权利是科学文献中一个有争议和广泛争论的话题。每个国家在这个问题上的立场是不同的。有时,即使在欧盟(EU)等具有强烈相似性的国家,在共同的伦理价值观框架内,它们也会相互对立。尽管一些国家仍然奉行匿名原则,但不可否认的趋势是,通过制定相关例外或完全废除捐赠者匿名身份,来保障自己的出身权。这篇文章提供了关于所谓的“被遗忘权”(RTBF)是否可以扩展到包括配子捐赠者保持匿名的权利的伦理和法律考虑。这种观点违背了欧洲的普遍趋势,即承认从供体配子中出生的后代有权获得与其遗传祖先有关的信息。新增加的内容是质疑《通用数据保护条例》(GDPR)是否可能为质疑这种方法提供肥沃的土壤,并有效地支持那些仍然可能匿名的司法管辖区。
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The Right to Be Forgotten versus the Right to Disclosure of Gamete Donors’ ID: Ethical and Legal Considerations
: The anonymity of gamete donors in the context of medically-assisted reproduction techniques (ART) and the right of the offspring to know their genetic or biological parents’ identity is a controversial and widely debated topic in the scientific literature. The positions on the issue in each country are different. Sometimes they are in opposition to each other even in countries with strong similarities, such as those in the European Union (EU), in the framework of shared ethical values. Although some countries still enshrine the rule of anonymity, there is an undeniable tendency to guarantee the right to know one’s origins by creating relevant exceptions or abolishing donor anonymity status altogether. This article offers ethical and legal considerations of whether the so-called ‘right to be forgotten’ (RTBF) could be extended to include gamete donors’ right to remain anonymous. This perspective goes against the general trend, certainly in Europe, of recognizing that offspring born from donor gametes have a right to access information relating to their genetic progenitors. The novel addition is to question whether the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) might provide fertile ground for questioning this approach, and effectively support those jurisdictions where anonymity is still possible.
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来源期刊
Acta Bioethica
Acta Bioethica Bioethical Issues-
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
22
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Acta Bioethica is a biannual publication by the Interdisciplinary Center for Studies in Bioethics of the University of Chile (ISSN 0717-5906, press edition, y 1726-569-X, electronic edition), which publishes in three languages: Spanish, English and Portuguese. Indexed in Science Citation Index (SCI), Scopus, Lilacs, SciELO y Latindex, and in database from several Institutions; it constitutes a pluralistic source of perspectives and an important tribune which accepts the contributions of authors compromised with the interdisciplinary study of ethical determinants and consequences of techno scientific research.
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