{"title":"优化堆肥的热提取","authors":"K. Nwanze, O. G. Clark","doi":"10.1080/1065657X.2019.1686443","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The need for renewable sources of energy has fueled interest in harvesting the heat produced by composting. Pilot-scale compost reactors were built with in-vessel heat exchangers to test the effect of heat extraction on the composting process. Water was passed through copper tubes embedded in the compost-filled barrels and the temperatures of the compost and the inlet and outlet water were monitored. More heat could be extracted with higher water flow rates. Compost temperatures were especially sensitive to the water flow rate during the thermophilic stage. The data from this experiment was then used to update a computational model of the composting process. COMSOL Multiphysics™ (v. 5.2, COMSOL AB, Stockholm, Sweden) was used to create a three-dimensional, finite-element simulation of mass and energy balances in the compost barrels. The model was validated against empirical data from the experiment. Simulated and empirical data were in general agreement from the start of composting until peak thermophilic temperatures, at which point they diverged, likely due to inappropriate heat transfer boundary conditions in the model. This work is a step in the development of empirically validated computational tools for the optimal design of compost heat extraction systems.","PeriodicalId":10714,"journal":{"name":"Compost Science & Utilization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1065657X.2019.1686443","citationCount":"4","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Optimizing Heat Extraction from Compost\",\"authors\":\"K. Nwanze, O. G. Clark\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/1065657X.2019.1686443\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract The need for renewable sources of energy has fueled interest in harvesting the heat produced by composting. Pilot-scale compost reactors were built with in-vessel heat exchangers to test the effect of heat extraction on the composting process. Water was passed through copper tubes embedded in the compost-filled barrels and the temperatures of the compost and the inlet and outlet water were monitored. More heat could be extracted with higher water flow rates. Compost temperatures were especially sensitive to the water flow rate during the thermophilic stage. The data from this experiment was then used to update a computational model of the composting process. COMSOL Multiphysics™ (v. 5.2, COMSOL AB, Stockholm, Sweden) was used to create a three-dimensional, finite-element simulation of mass and energy balances in the compost barrels. The model was validated against empirical data from the experiment. Simulated and empirical data were in general agreement from the start of composting until peak thermophilic temperatures, at which point they diverged, likely due to inappropriate heat transfer boundary conditions in the model. This work is a step in the development of empirically validated computational tools for the optimal design of compost heat extraction systems.\",\"PeriodicalId\":10714,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Compost Science & Utilization\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-10-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1065657X.2019.1686443\",\"citationCount\":\"4\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Compost Science & Utilization\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.2019.1686443\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Compost Science & Utilization","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.2019.1686443","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
摘要
对可再生能源的需求激发了人们对收集堆肥产生的热量的兴趣。采用容器式热交换器建立了中试堆肥反应器,以测试热抽提对堆肥过程的影响。水通过埋在装满堆肥的桶内的铜管,并监测堆肥和进出水的温度。更高的水流速率可以提取更多的热量。在嗜热阶段,堆肥温度对水流速率特别敏感。该实验的数据随后被用于更新堆肥过程的计算模型。使用COMSOL Multiphysics™(v. 5.2, COMSOL AB, Stockholm, Sweden)创建堆肥桶中质量和能量平衡的三维有限元模拟。根据实验数据对模型进行了验证。从堆肥开始到嗜热温度达到峰值,模拟数据和经验数据基本一致,在这一点上它们出现分歧,可能是由于模型中的传热边界条件不适当。这项工作是在经验验证的计算工具的优化设计堆肥热提取系统的发展的一步。
Abstract The need for renewable sources of energy has fueled interest in harvesting the heat produced by composting. Pilot-scale compost reactors were built with in-vessel heat exchangers to test the effect of heat extraction on the composting process. Water was passed through copper tubes embedded in the compost-filled barrels and the temperatures of the compost and the inlet and outlet water were monitored. More heat could be extracted with higher water flow rates. Compost temperatures were especially sensitive to the water flow rate during the thermophilic stage. The data from this experiment was then used to update a computational model of the composting process. COMSOL Multiphysics™ (v. 5.2, COMSOL AB, Stockholm, Sweden) was used to create a three-dimensional, finite-element simulation of mass and energy balances in the compost barrels. The model was validated against empirical data from the experiment. Simulated and empirical data were in general agreement from the start of composting until peak thermophilic temperatures, at which point they diverged, likely due to inappropriate heat transfer boundary conditions in the model. This work is a step in the development of empirically validated computational tools for the optimal design of compost heat extraction systems.
期刊介绍:
4 issues per year
Compost Science & Utilization is currently abstracted/indexed in: CABI Agriculture & Environment Abstracts, CSA Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering Abstracts, EBSCOhost Abstracts, Elsevier Compendex and GEOBASE Abstracts, PubMed, ProQuest Science Abstracts, and Thomson Reuters Biological Abstracts and Science Citation Index