把你们休息的,富有的,受过教育的少数人交给我?对当前有关移民自营职业的文献进行批判性讨论

Joshua K. Bedi, Shaomeng Jia
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引用次数: 2

摘要

目的不同的研究人员一致表明,移民比本地人更有可能自谋职业。与此同时,许多人呼吁优先考虑高技能移民,因为他们认为低技能企业家并不是特别创新或以高增长为导向。本研究的目的是批判性地回顾和综合当前关于移民自营职业的文献,特别关注低技能移民创业和应优先考虑高技能移民的流行政策建议。设计/方法/方法作者调查了现有的关于移民自营职业的文献,并讨论了反复出现的数据问题,这些问题是如何得到解决或没有得到解决的,以及这些数据问题如何影响有利于高技能移民和不利于低技能移民的政策建议的有效性。特别是,作者研究了在东道国和东道国机构的停留时间如何影响移民自营职业,尤其是低技能移民自营职业。作者还指出了低技能移民的意外后果。研究结果作者发现,数据问题严重影响了支持高技能移民的呼声背后的潜在理由。特别是,许多研究人员低估了低技能移民自营职业的积极影响,因为他们没有考虑到在东道国的机构和停留时间。作者最后提出了优先考虑高技能移民的政策建议,应根据先前研究中反复出现的遗漏变量偏见以及与低技能移民相关的一些积极的意外后果的证据,重新审查这些建议。原创性/价值作者回顾了当前的文献,并讨论了重要的混杂变量,如移民企业家在东道国的生活年限和东道国的机构,是如何提出共同的政策建议的,这些建议表明高技能移民的优先顺序有问题。作者还讨论了这些数据问题的潜在解决方案、解决这些问题的方法以及可能的前进方向。最后,在考虑了文献之后,作者提出了我们自己的一套政策建议。
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Give me your rested, your wealthy, your educated few? A critical discussion of the current literature on immigrant self-employment
PurposeThe finding that immigrants are more likely to self-employ than natives has been consistently shown by different researchers. At the same time, many call for the prioritization of high-skilled immigration as they believe low-skilled entrepreneurs are not particularly innovative or high-growth-oriented. The purpose of this study is to critically review and synthesize the current literature on immigrant self-employment, paying particular attention to low-skilled immigrant entrepreneurship and the popular policy recommendation that high-skilled immigrants should be prioritized.Design/methodology/approachThe authors survey the existing literature on immigrant self-employment and discuss recurring data issues, how those issues have or have not been addressed, as well as how these data issues impact the validity of policy recommendations that favor high-skilled immigrants and disfavor low-skilled immigrants. In particular, the authors examine how length of stay in the host country and host country institutions impact immigrant self-employment, especially low-skilled immigrant self-employment. The authors also point out unintended consequences of low-skilled immigration.FindingsThe authors find data issues significantly impact the potential justifications behind calls to favor high-skilled immigrants. In particular, many researchers underestimate the positive impacts of low-skilled immigrant self-employment by not accounting for institutions and length of stay in the host country. The authors conclude with policy recommendations that prioritize high-skilled immigration should be re-examined in light of recurring omitted variable biases within previous studies and evidence of a number of positive unintended consequences associated with low-skilled migration.Originality/valueThe authors review current literature and discuss how important confounding variables, like the number of years an immigrant entrepreneur has lived in a host country and the institutions of a host country, make common policy recommendations suggesting prioritization of high-skilled immigration problematic. The authors also discuss potential solutions to these data issues, ways these issues have been solved already, and possible ways forward. Finally, after considering the literature, the authors offer our own set of policy recommendations.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
15.80%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Institutions – especially public policies – are a significant determinant of economic outcomes; entrepreneurship and enterprise development are often the channel by which public policies affect economic outcomes, and by which outcomes feed back to the policy process. The Journal of Entrepreneurship & Public Policy (JEPP) was created to encourage and disseminate quality research about these vital relationships. The ultimate aim is to improve the quality of the political discourse about entrepreneurship and development policies. JEPP publishes two issues per year and welcomes: Empirically oriented academic papers and accepts a wide variety of empirical evidence. Generally, the journal considers any analysis based on real-world circumstances and conditions that can change behaviour, legislation, or outcomes, Conceptual or theoretical papers that indicate a direction for future research, or otherwise advance the field of study, A limited number of carefully and accurately executed replication studies, Book reviews. In general, JEPP seeks high-quality articles that say something interesting about the relationships among public policy and entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship and economic development, or all three areas. Scope/Coverage: Entrepreneurship, Public policy, Public policies and behaviour of economic agents, Interjurisdictional differentials and their effects, Law and entrepreneurship, New firms; startups, Microeconomic analyses of economic development, Development planning and policy, Innovation and invention: processes and incentives, Regional economic activity: growth, development, and changes, Regional development policy.
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