也门中部高地的定居模式与防御建筑

IF 0.7 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Journal of Islamic Archaeology Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI:10.1558/JIA.33381
D. Mahoney
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引用次数: 0

摘要

达马尔平原位于也门中部高地,海拔约2000 - 2600米,是一个部落人口的家园,在中世纪和近代早期,他们不断与一系列入侵国家进行斗争,以控制其控制权,例如罗苏利王朝(13 -14世纪)和奥斯曼帝国(16 -17世纪)。尽管这些占领持续了大约一个世纪,但与大量仍然存在的当地强化结构相比,他们的军事建筑只留下了很少的物理遗迹。本文根据达玛尔调查项目(DSP)和达玛尔博物馆调查(DHS)的调查结果,研究了他们的定居模式和防御工事类型。这些建筑形式源于强烈的本土传统,可以追溯到史前时期,从单一的塔楼和瞭望塔到更广泛的城堡和有围墙的定居点。总体而言,这种多样性表明,发展良好的方案旨在最大限度地提高农业耕地和家庭和社区居民的安全。
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Settlement Patterns and Fortification Architecture in the Central Highlands of Yemen
Located in the central highlands of Yemen at approximately 2,000-2,600 meters above sea level, the Dhamar Plain was the home of a tribal population who continually contended with a succession of invading states for its control over the course of medieval and early modern periods, such as the Rasulids (13th-14th cen.) and the Ottomans (16th-17th cen.). Despite the roughly century-long duration of theses occupations, only minimal physical remains are left of their military architecture in contrast to the abundance of local fortified structures still remaining. This article examines their settlement patterns and types of fortification as based on survey results from the Dhamar Survey Project (DSP) and the Dhamar Museum Survey (DHS). Emerging from a strong vernacular tradition that extends back to the prehistoric period, these architectural forms range from singular tower houses and watchtowers to more extensive citadels and walled settlements. Overall, this diversity indicates well-developed schemes that aim to maximize both arable land for agriculture and the safety of the inhabitants on both a household and community level.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: The Journal of Islamic Archaeology is the only journal today devoted to the field of Islamic archaeology on a global scale. In the context of this journal, “Islamic archaeology” refers neither to a specific time period, nor to a particular geographical region, as Islam is global and the center of the “Islamic world” has shifted many times over the centuries. Likewise, it is not defined by a single methodology or theoretical construct (for example; it is not the “Islamic” equivalent of “Biblical archaeology”, with an emphasis on the study of places and peoples mentioned in religious texts). The term refers to the archaeological study of Islamic societies, polities, and communities, wherever they are found. It may be considered a type of “historical” archaeology, in which the study of historically (textually) known societies can be studied through a combination of “texts and tell”.
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