世界卫生组织在中东儿童受污染水引起的胃肠道疾病管理中的作用:一篇综述文章

IF 0.3 Q4 PEDIATRICS Journal of Pediatrics Review Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.32598/jpr.11.1.285.2
Behzad Alijanzadeh Maliji, Ali Babayeemehr, S. Mehrabani, Faeze Aghajanpour
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:世界卫生组织(世界卫生组织)作为公共卫生和水质方面的国际权威机构,指导和监测全球预防水传播疾病的努力,并就制定基于健康的目标和法规向各国政府提供建议。目的:本综述研究旨在通过世界卫生组织调查中东地区儿童因污染水引起的胃肠道疾病的管理方法,包括控制、预防和治疗。方法:无时间限制地检索Scopus、Google scholar、PubMed、SID、Irandoc和最新数据库。关键词包括污染水、儿科、胃肠道疾病和世界卫生组织。在这项研究中,使用了波斯语和英语的各种文章的全文。在删除重复的文章和不符合研究主题的文章后,最终选择了54篇文章。结果:根据研究结果,世界卫生组织报告称,腹泻、脊髓灰质炎、甲型肝炎和霍乱是中东儿童最常见的由污染水引起的胃肠道传染病。目前关于水传播疾病的报告只占该疾病总病例数的一小部分。在某些领域,研究表明,负责任的机构对水和废水供应的投资可以通过减少负面健康影响和医疗成本来提供净经济收益。结果本研究结果表明,大多数由污染水引起的疾病都会影响儿童,原因是观察个人卫生和儿童免疫系统状态的能力低下,这往往会导致儿童死亡。结论:在一些中东国家,这些疾病缺乏诊断和流行率不足,再加上对水传播疾病的预防和控制缺乏重视,威胁到这些国家的卫生政策。国际组织,特别是世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会,在解决和控制这一问题方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
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Role of the World Health Organization in Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases Caused by Contaminated Water in Children in the Middle East: A Review Article
Background: The world health organization (WHO), as the international authority on public health and water quality, directs and monitors global efforts to prevent the transmission of waterborne diseases and advises governments on the development of health-based goals and regulations. Objectives: This review study aims to investigate the management methods, including control, prevention, and treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in children in the Middle East caused by contaminated water through WHO. Methods: For this purpose, Scopus, Google scholar, PubMed, SID, Irandoc, and up-to-date databases were searched without time limitation. Keywords included contaminated water, pediatric, GI diseases, and WHO. In this study, the full text of various articles in Persian and English was used. After removing duplicate articles and articles that did not fit the topic of the study, 54 articles were finally selected. Results: Based on the findings, the world health organization has reported that diarrhea, polio, hepatitis A, and cholera are the most common GI infectious diseases caused by contaminated water in children in the Middle East. The present reports of waterborne disease represent only a small proportion of the total number of cases of this disease in the population. In some areas, it has been shown that investments in water and wastewater supply by responsible institutions can provide a net economic gain by reducing negative health impacts and healthcare costs. Results The results of this study indicate that most of the diseases caused by contaminated water affect children, due to low ability to observe personal hygiene and the state of the child’s immune system, which often leads to the death of children. Conclusions: The lack of diagnosis and insufficient prevalence of these diseases in some Middle Eastern countries, followed by the lack of attention to the prevention and control of waterborne diseases, threatens the health policies of these countries. International organizations, especially the world health organization and the united nations children’s fund, play a vital role in addressing and controlling this problem.
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