水轮机铸造复杂型面叶片的热处理及性能

S. Artomova, O. Budarin, V. Bondarenko, O. Bezvesilna, O. Ponomarenko, A. Marchenko, O. Akimov, V. P. Mykhailiukov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究了用CA-6NM马氏体钢对“德涅斯特HPSP”水轮机叶轮叶片大块铸件进行热处理的方法。基于机械性能的测定、叶片整个表面的刚度测量和金相研究,表明了所提出的高温奥氏体化加热后采用强化冷却和高回火的热处理模式的适宜性。结果表明,这种模式提供了叶片铸件所需的机械性能水平,消除了结晶过程中产生的内应力和随后热处理过程中快速冷却的负面影响。铸件化学成分的测定及其是否符合ASTM A743/A743M-98a的要求,可确保获得所需的产品性能水平。从金相角度来看,叶片主体上没有多余的偏析和结构的均匀性,机械性能的均匀性也得到了证实,从而提高了对空化破坏的抵抗力。研究结果证实,采用以下热处理模式对由CA-6NM级马氏体耐腐蚀钢制成的叶片大型复杂型面铸件进行热处理的方便性,包括加热至1030-1040°C的温度和使用快速冷却在580-590°C的回火。关键词:水轮机叶片;热处理;结构;力学性能。
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Heat treatment and properties of a cast complex profile blade of a hydroturbine
The mode of heat treatment of massive castings of the blades of the impeller of the hydroturbine "Dniester HPSP" from steel of the martensitic class CA-6NM has been worked out. Based on the determination of mechanical properties, measurements of stiffness over the entire surface of the blades and metallographic studies, the expediency of the proposed heat treatment mode using intensive cooling and high tempering after high-temperature austenitizing heating is shown. It is shown that this mode provides the necessary level of mechanical properties of blade castings, eliminates the negative effect of internal stresses arising during crystallization and rapid cooling during subsequent heat treatment. Determination of the chemical composition of castings and its compliance with the requirements of ASTM A743 / A743M-98a ensures that the required level of product properties is obtained. Metallographically established the absence of unwanted segregation and the uniformity of the structure, the uniformity of mechanical properties over the body of the blade, which leads to an increase in resistance to destruction due to cavitation. As a result of the research, the expediency of using the following heat treatment mode for massive complex-profile castings of blades made of corrosion-resistant steel of martensitic class CA-6NM, consisting of heating to a temperature of 1030-1040°C and tempering at 580-590°C using rapid cooling, was confirmed. Keywords: hydraulic turbine blades, heat treatment, structure, mechanical properties.
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