天的自由与人格完善的两种模式

IF 0.4 0 PHILOSOPHY Faith and Philosophy Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.37977/faithphil.2021.38.1.4
R. J. Hartman
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引用次数: 4

摘要

根据一个突出的观点,人类可以在天堂里以自由意志的自由行事,因为他们在天堂之前的生活中自由地获得了完美的美德,所以在天堂里正确行事是自愿的。但是,既然人的性格在死亡时并不完美,那么他们的性格是如何完美的呢?在单边模式下,上帝独自完成了他们性格的完美,而在合作模式下,神继续在炼狱中与他们一起完善自己的性格。我认为,尽管这两个模型都可以在各种假设下理解所有人在天堂享有自由意志,但合作模型允许所有人在天空享有更大程度的自由。这种对天堂自由度的考虑为上帝实施合作模式提供了理由。
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Heavenly Freedom and Two Models of Character Perfection
Human persons can act with libertarian freedom in heaven according to one prominent view, because they have freely acquired perfect virtue in their pre-heavenly lives such that acting rightly in heaven is volitionally necessary. But since the character of human persons is not perfect at death, how is their character perfected? On the unilateral model, God alone completes the perfection of their character, and, on the cooperative model, God continues to work with them in purgatory to perfect their own character. I argue that although both models can make sense of all human persons enjoying free will in heaven on various assumptions, the cooperative model allows all human persons in heaven to enjoy a greater degree of freedom. This consideration about the degree of heavenly freedom provides a reason for God to implement the cooperative model.
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