{"title":"波兰企业家数量[波兰企业家集群](2018年)。出版商Magam,Biblioteka Warsaw Enterprise Institute,华沙,第192页","authors":"Regina Pacanowska","doi":"10.2478/sho-2019-0012","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The process of developing the foundations of the free market economy, which took place in Poland in the last decades of the 20th century, resulted in an increase in interest in the issues of entrepreneurship, its role and importance in undertaking new economic initiatives and shaping social attitudes. The restoration of the importance of private property in the economy, the legislative amendments made, including the possibility of setting up companies and running a business, led to an explosion of entrepreneurship on a previously unprecedented scale. A characteristic feature of the transformations carried out in the 1990s was the rapid, often unexpected emergence of business leaders who used favourable circumstances to establish new organisational structures. Entrepreneurs, or rather businessmen – as A. Meducka pointed out – became “undisputed heroes of those times” [Meducka-Potocka A. 2017]. However, have these groups always been positively perceived by Poles in different historical periods? The dynamic development of the private sector and the growing interest in the business environment, observed in the following years, naturally inclined to raise questions about the Polish tradition of entrepreneurship and those who established economic structures on Polish lands throughout the history. The history by providing personal models, according to the well-known saying Verba docet, exempla trahunt, belongs to those disciplines of the science that can be used in shaping certain social attitudes [see: Czechanowski P., Pacanowska R. 2014: 129-149]. Among publications, interviews or manuals, the Polish market was initially dominated by the positions showing well-known entrepreneurs from other cultural circles [Rigby R. 2015]. 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The restoration of the importance of private property in the economy, the legislative amendments made, including the possibility of setting up companies and running a business, led to an explosion of entrepreneurship on a previously unprecedented scale. A characteristic feature of the transformations carried out in the 1990s was the rapid, often unexpected emergence of business leaders who used favourable circumstances to establish new organisational structures. Entrepreneurs, or rather businessmen – as A. Meducka pointed out – became “undisputed heroes of those times” [Meducka-Potocka A. 2017]. However, have these groups always been positively perceived by Poles in different historical periods? The dynamic development of the private sector and the growing interest in the business environment, observed in the following years, naturally inclined to raise questions about the Polish tradition of entrepreneurship and those who established economic structures on Polish lands throughout the history. The history by providing personal models, according to the well-known saying Verba docet, exempla trahunt, belongs to those disciplines of the science that can be used in shaping certain social attitudes [see: Czechanowski P., Pacanowska R. 2014: 129-149]. Among publications, interviews or manuals, the Polish market was initially dominated by the positions showing well-known entrepreneurs from other cultural circles [Rigby R. 2015]. 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引用次数: 1
摘要
20世纪最后几十年,波兰开展了发展自由市场经济基础的进程,这使人们对创业问题、创业在采取新的经济举措和塑造社会态度方面的作用和重要性越来越感兴趣。私人财产在经济中的重要性得到恢复,立法修正案,包括成立公司和经营企业的可能性,导致了前所未有的创业热潮。20世纪90年代进行的变革的一个特点是,商业领袖的迅速出现,往往是出乎意料的,他们利用有利的环境建立了新的组织结构。正如A.Meducka所指出的,企业家,或者更确切地说是商人,成为了“那个时代无可争议的英雄”[Meducka Potocka A.2017]。然而,在不同的历史时期,这些群体是否总是被波兰人积极看待?在接下来的几年里,私营部门的蓬勃发展和对商业环境日益增长的兴趣,自然倾向于对波兰的创业传统以及历史上在波兰土地上建立经济结构的人提出质疑。根据著名的谚语Verba docet,提供个人模型的历史,是一种典型的狩猎,属于可以用来塑造某些社会态度的科学学科[见:Czechanowski P.,Pacanowska R.2014:129-149]。在出版物、访谈或手册中,波兰市场最初由展示其他文化圈知名企业家的职位主导[Rigby R.2015]。最noSTudiA HiSToRiAE oEConoMiCAE
Poczet polskich przedsiębiorców [Polish entrepreneurs’ cluster] (2018). Wydawnictwo Magam, Biblioteka Warsaw Enterprise Institute, Warszawa, pp. 192
The process of developing the foundations of the free market economy, which took place in Poland in the last decades of the 20th century, resulted in an increase in interest in the issues of entrepreneurship, its role and importance in undertaking new economic initiatives and shaping social attitudes. The restoration of the importance of private property in the economy, the legislative amendments made, including the possibility of setting up companies and running a business, led to an explosion of entrepreneurship on a previously unprecedented scale. A characteristic feature of the transformations carried out in the 1990s was the rapid, often unexpected emergence of business leaders who used favourable circumstances to establish new organisational structures. Entrepreneurs, or rather businessmen – as A. Meducka pointed out – became “undisputed heroes of those times” [Meducka-Potocka A. 2017]. However, have these groups always been positively perceived by Poles in different historical periods? The dynamic development of the private sector and the growing interest in the business environment, observed in the following years, naturally inclined to raise questions about the Polish tradition of entrepreneurship and those who established economic structures on Polish lands throughout the history. The history by providing personal models, according to the well-known saying Verba docet, exempla trahunt, belongs to those disciplines of the science that can be used in shaping certain social attitudes [see: Czechanowski P., Pacanowska R. 2014: 129-149]. Among publications, interviews or manuals, the Polish market was initially dominated by the positions showing well-known entrepreneurs from other cultural circles [Rigby R. 2015]. The most noSTudiA HiSToRiAE oEConoMiCAE