批判性观察:将人类多能干细胞分化为所需细胞类型和类器官的挑战

Q1 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2019-11-19 DOI:10.1002/wdev.368
J. Fowler, L. Ang, K. Loh
{"title":"批判性观察:将人类多能干细胞分化为所需细胞类型和类器官的挑战","authors":"J. Fowler, L. Ang, K. Loh","doi":"10.1002/wdev.368","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Too many choices can be problematic. This is certainly the case for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs): they harbor the potential to differentiate into hundreds of cell types; yet it is highly challenging to exclusively differentiate hPSCs into a single desired cell type. This review focuses on unresolved and fundamental questions regarding hPSC differentiation and critiquing the identity and purity of the resultant cell populations. These are timely issues in view of the fact that hPSC‐derived cell populations have or are being transplanted into patients in over 30 ongoing clinical trials. While many in vitro differentiation protocols purport to “mimic development,” the exact number and identity of intermediate steps that a pluripotent cell takes to differentiate into a given cell type in vivo remains largely unknown. Consequently, most differentiation efforts inevitably generate a heterogeneous cellular population, as revealed by single‐cell RNA‐sequencing and other analyses. The presence of unwanted cell types in differentiated hPSC populations does not portend well for transplantation therapies. This provides an impetus to precisely control differentiation to desired ends—for instance, by logically blocking the formation of unwanted cell types or by overexpressing lineage‐specifying transcription factors—or by harnessing technologies to selectively purify desired cell types. Conversely, approaches to differentiate three‐dimensional “organoids” from hPSCs intentionally generate heterogeneous cell populations. While this is intended to mimic the rich cellular diversity of developing tissues, whether all such organoids are spatially organized in a manner akin to native organs (and thus, whether they fully qualify as organoids) remains to be fully resolved.","PeriodicalId":23630,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/wdev.368","citationCount":"29","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A critical look: Challenges in differentiating human pluripotent stem cells into desired cell types and organoids\",\"authors\":\"J. Fowler, L. Ang, K. Loh\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/wdev.368\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Too many choices can be problematic. This is certainly the case for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs): they harbor the potential to differentiate into hundreds of cell types; yet it is highly challenging to exclusively differentiate hPSCs into a single desired cell type. This review focuses on unresolved and fundamental questions regarding hPSC differentiation and critiquing the identity and purity of the resultant cell populations. These are timely issues in view of the fact that hPSC‐derived cell populations have or are being transplanted into patients in over 30 ongoing clinical trials. While many in vitro differentiation protocols purport to “mimic development,” the exact number and identity of intermediate steps that a pluripotent cell takes to differentiate into a given cell type in vivo remains largely unknown. Consequently, most differentiation efforts inevitably generate a heterogeneous cellular population, as revealed by single‐cell RNA‐sequencing and other analyses. The presence of unwanted cell types in differentiated hPSC populations does not portend well for transplantation therapies. This provides an impetus to precisely control differentiation to desired ends—for instance, by logically blocking the formation of unwanted cell types or by overexpressing lineage‐specifying transcription factors—or by harnessing technologies to selectively purify desired cell types. Conversely, approaches to differentiate three‐dimensional “organoids” from hPSCs intentionally generate heterogeneous cell populations. While this is intended to mimic the rich cellular diversity of developing tissues, whether all such organoids are spatially organized in a manner akin to native organs (and thus, whether they fully qualify as organoids) remains to be fully resolved.\",\"PeriodicalId\":23630,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-11-19\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/wdev.368\",\"citationCount\":\"29\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.368\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.368","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29

摘要

选择太多可能会有问题。人类多能干细胞(hPSCs)当然是这样:它们具有分化为数百种细胞类型的潜力;然而将hPSC专门分化为单一所需的细胞类型是极具挑战性的。这篇综述的重点是关于hPSC分化的尚未解决的基本问题,以及对所得细胞群的身份和纯度的批评。鉴于hPSC衍生的细胞群已经或正在30多项正在进行的临床试验中移植到患者体内,这些都是及时的问题。尽管许多体外分化方案声称“模拟发育”,但多能干细胞在体内分化为特定细胞类型所需的中间步骤的确切数量和身份在很大程度上仍然未知。因此,正如单细胞RNA测序和其他分析所揭示的那样,大多数分化努力不可避免地会产生异质性细胞群体。分化的hPSC群体中存在不想要的细胞类型并不能很好地预示移植治疗。这为精确控制向所需目的的分化提供了动力,例如,通过逻辑上阻断不需要的细胞类型的形成,或通过过表达谱系特异性转录因子,或通过利用技术选择性纯化所需的细胞类型。相反,区分三维“类器官”和hPSC的方法有意产生异质性细胞群。虽然这是为了模拟发育中组织丰富的细胞多样性,但所有这些类器官是否都以类似于天然器官的方式在空间上组织(因此,它们是否完全符合类器官的资格)仍有待完全解决。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
A critical look: Challenges in differentiating human pluripotent stem cells into desired cell types and organoids
Too many choices can be problematic. This is certainly the case for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs): they harbor the potential to differentiate into hundreds of cell types; yet it is highly challenging to exclusively differentiate hPSCs into a single desired cell type. This review focuses on unresolved and fundamental questions regarding hPSC differentiation and critiquing the identity and purity of the resultant cell populations. These are timely issues in view of the fact that hPSC‐derived cell populations have or are being transplanted into patients in over 30 ongoing clinical trials. While many in vitro differentiation protocols purport to “mimic development,” the exact number and identity of intermediate steps that a pluripotent cell takes to differentiate into a given cell type in vivo remains largely unknown. Consequently, most differentiation efforts inevitably generate a heterogeneous cellular population, as revealed by single‐cell RNA‐sequencing and other analyses. The presence of unwanted cell types in differentiated hPSC populations does not portend well for transplantation therapies. This provides an impetus to precisely control differentiation to desired ends—for instance, by logically blocking the formation of unwanted cell types or by overexpressing lineage‐specifying transcription factors—or by harnessing technologies to selectively purify desired cell types. Conversely, approaches to differentiate three‐dimensional “organoids” from hPSCs intentionally generate heterogeneous cell populations. While this is intended to mimic the rich cellular diversity of developing tissues, whether all such organoids are spatially organized in a manner akin to native organs (and thus, whether they fully qualify as organoids) remains to be fully resolved.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: Developmental biology is concerned with the fundamental question of how a single cell, the fertilized egg, ultimately produces a complex, fully patterned adult organism. This problem is studied on many different biological levels, from the molecular to the organismal. Developed in association with the Society for Developmental Biology, WIREs Developmental Biology will provide a unique interdisciplinary forum dedicated to fostering excellence in research and education and communicating key advances in this important field. The collaborative and integrative ethos of the WIREs model will facilitate connections to related disciplines such as genetics, systems biology, bioengineering, and psychology. The topical coverage of WIREs Developmental Biology includes: Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns; Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies; Signaling Pathways; Early Embryonic Development; Invertebrate Organogenesis; Vertebrate Organogenesis; Nervous System Development; Birth Defects; Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal and Regeneration; Cell Types and Issues Specific to Plants; Comparative Development and Evolution; and Technologies.
期刊最新文献
Zebrafish models of acute leukemias: Current models and future directions. The macro and micro of chromosome conformation capture. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived lung organoids: Potential applications in development and disease modeling. Single-cell RNA sequencing in Drosophila: Technologies and applications. Schwann cell development: From neural crest to myelin sheath.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1