A LEITURA E A ESCRITA NA DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL: EXPERIÊNCIAS QUE FAVORECERAM O PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO

Students with intellectual disabilities account for 67% of students targeted by special education. It is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functions, it is possible to observe an extra time to appropriate reading and writing, to understand written language and difficulties related to abstract thinking. Thus, it is important that teachers know the methods and the theories that are available in the literacy process. The objective of this research consisted in gathering Brazilian experiences that contributed to the advance of the process of reading and writing acquisition of students with intellectual deficiency. For this purpose, we developed a bibliographic research, consulting the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - CAPES), Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations - BDTD), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Academic Google databases (GA). As a result, we verified experiments that used the Phonovisuoarticulatory, Abacada and Phonic methods and a practice that did not use a specific method. We observed that none of the practices started from the whole to the parts, being common to all of them the teaching of letters, syllables and the commitment of those involved in providing a methodology to achieve the proposed objective. We hope that this work will contribute to a rethinking of the proposed activities, towards inclusion, the development of the maximum potential and the comprehensive education of the student.