超重组植物:植物育种的新兴领域

IF 6 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-03 DOI:10.1080/07352689.2021.1985819
Fan Li, Chunlian Jin, Liangsheng Zhang, Jihua Wang
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引用次数: 4

摘要

摘要新颖性是植物育种的首要要求和育种目标,对培育新品种具有重要意义。繁殖成功的关键因素是后代的遗传变异,而后代的遗传变异取决于减数分裂后遗传物质的混合程度。然而,减数分裂重组在植物中是严格限制的,导致杂交(COs)的数量有限。近年来,已经发现了几种限制植物减数分裂重组的抗co因子,敲除突变体的重组频率显著增加。这为利用抗co基因调控植物减数分裂重组提供了一种通用工具,为育种提供了便利。由于基因组测序和基因编辑技术的快速发展,越来越多的植物基因组被测序。同时,高效的CRISPR-Cas9系统也在植物中建立起来。因此,在基因组学的生物学时代,是时候打破减数分裂重组的束缚,创造新的品种了。本文综述了植物中主要减数分裂重组抑制因子的功能研究,并讨论了抗co基因作为一种新兴工具应用于植物育种,特别是观赏植物育种的可能性。
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Hyper-Recombinant Plants: An Emerging Field for Plant Breeding
Abstract Novelty is the primary requirement and breeding target for plant breeding, which can make a significant contribution to the new cultivar. The key factor for successful breeding is the genetic variation in the progeny, which depends on the degree of genetic material mixing after meiosis. However, meiotic recombination is tightly astricting in plants, resulting in a limited number of crossovers (COs). Recently, several anti-CO factors have been identified that limiting the meiotic recombination in plants, and the knock-out mutants displayed a significant increase in recombination frequency. This provides a universal tool to manipulate the meiotic recombination in plants by applying anti-CO genes, which will facilitate the breeding procedure. Due to the rapid development of genome sequencing and gene editing technologies, the genomes of more and more plants have been sequenced. In the meanwhile, the efficient CRISPR-Cas9 system has also been established in plants. Thus, it’s time to break the shackles of meiotic recombination to create novel cultivars in the biological era of genomics. Here we summarize the functional studies of the main meiotic recombination suppressors in plants, with the discussion of the possibility to apply the anti-CO genes in plant breeding as an emerging tool, especially for ornamental plant breeding.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.90
自引率
1.40%
发文量
15
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences focuses on presenting in-depth and up-to-date reviews of timely and/or cutting-edge subjects in the broad discipline of plant science, ranging from molecular biology/biochemistry through the areas of cell biology, plant pathology and physiology, genetics, classical botany, and ecology, to practical agricultural applications. Articles in the journal provide an up-to-date literature base for researchers and students, pointing the way towards future research needs. The journal is also a significant source of credible, objective information to aid decision makers at all levels.
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