{"title":"重访饥荒阴谋:对爱尔兰大饥荒作为种族灭绝的重新评估","authors":"Mark McGowan","doi":"10.3138/GSI.11.1.04","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:There has been considerable debate among historians and public commentators about whether or not the Great Irish Famine (1845–1851) could be considered as genocide. Recently, controversial journalist Tim Pat Coogan has argued that England's treatment of Ireland in this period can be considered genocide. Historical evidence suggests otherwise. There was considerable blame for the perpetration of Ireland misery beyond the ill conceived and poorly executed policies of successive British governments. At the root of the famine tragedy was an outmoded and poorly functioning landholding system and over-dependence of an impoverished rural underclass on the potato staple. Anglo-Irish landlords, merchants, businessmen of all denominations, large landholding farmers, nationalist politicians, clergy, ineffective implementation of poor relief by local gentry, and unscrupulous port officials and ship's captains must also bear some responsibility in contributing to this calamity in modern Irish history.","PeriodicalId":40844,"journal":{"name":"Genocide Studies International","volume":"11 1","pages":"104 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3138/GSI.11.1.04","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Famine Plot Revisited: A Reassessment of the Great Irish Famine as Genocide\",\"authors\":\"Mark McGowan\",\"doi\":\"10.3138/GSI.11.1.04\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract:There has been considerable debate among historians and public commentators about whether or not the Great Irish Famine (1845–1851) could be considered as genocide. Recently, controversial journalist Tim Pat Coogan has argued that England's treatment of Ireland in this period can be considered genocide. Historical evidence suggests otherwise. There was considerable blame for the perpetration of Ireland misery beyond the ill conceived and poorly executed policies of successive British governments. At the root of the famine tragedy was an outmoded and poorly functioning landholding system and over-dependence of an impoverished rural underclass on the potato staple. Anglo-Irish landlords, merchants, businessmen of all denominations, large landholding farmers, nationalist politicians, clergy, ineffective implementation of poor relief by local gentry, and unscrupulous port officials and ship's captains must also bear some responsibility in contributing to this calamity in modern Irish history.\",\"PeriodicalId\":40844,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Genocide Studies International\",\"volume\":\"11 1\",\"pages\":\"104 - 87\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2017-12-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3138/GSI.11.1.04\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Genocide Studies International\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3138/GSI.11.1.04\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"Social Sciences\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Genocide Studies International","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3138/GSI.11.1.04","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Social Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
摘要
摘要:关于爱尔兰大饥荒(1845-1851)是否可以被视为种族灭绝,历史学家和公共评论家之间存在着相当大的争论。最近,有争议的记者Tim Pat Coogan认为,英格兰在这一时期对待爱尔兰的做法可以被视为种族灭绝。历史证据表明情况并非如此。除了历届英国政府构思不周、执行不力的政策之外,爱尔兰的苦难也受到了相当大的指责。饥荒悲剧的根源是一个过时且运作不佳的土地持有系统,以及贫困的农村下层阶级对土豆主食的过度依赖。英国-爱尔兰的地主、商人、各种教派的商人、拥有土地的大农场主、民族主义政客、神职人员、当地士绅对贫困救济的无效实施,以及肆无忌惮的港口官员和船长,也必须为爱尔兰现代史上的这场灾难承担一些责任。
The Famine Plot Revisited: A Reassessment of the Great Irish Famine as Genocide
Abstract:There has been considerable debate among historians and public commentators about whether or not the Great Irish Famine (1845–1851) could be considered as genocide. Recently, controversial journalist Tim Pat Coogan has argued that England's treatment of Ireland in this period can be considered genocide. Historical evidence suggests otherwise. There was considerable blame for the perpetration of Ireland misery beyond the ill conceived and poorly executed policies of successive British governments. At the root of the famine tragedy was an outmoded and poorly functioning landholding system and over-dependence of an impoverished rural underclass on the potato staple. Anglo-Irish landlords, merchants, businessmen of all denominations, large landholding farmers, nationalist politicians, clergy, ineffective implementation of poor relief by local gentry, and unscrupulous port officials and ship's captains must also bear some responsibility in contributing to this calamity in modern Irish history.