Prediction, diagnosis, prevention and treatment: genetic-led care of patients with diabetes

ABSTRACT Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a serious metabolic disorder that is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and that affects people worldwide – especially in Asia. Genetics plays an important role in disease development, prevention, and therapeutic approach. Precision medicine in diabetes requires a profound understanding of both genetics and the plethora of mechanisms of diabetes. Areas covered This review comprehensively describes and discusses the recent advances in genetics-based prediction, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diabetes, and the potential impact of these advances on precision medicine, especially in the Asian population. We analyzed the available literature from the PubMed Central® (PMC) archive. Expert opinion Advanced genetic knowledge can lead to the precise diagnosis, improved risk prediction, diabetes prevention, and genetics-based diabetes treatment. Increased understanding, availability, and affordability of genetics-based strategies will improve the quality of life of those with and those at risk for developing diabetes.