低温等离子体在化学杀菌剂处理还原中的应用

IF 0.9 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Acta Chimica Slovaca Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI:10.2478/acs-2020-0005
Lucia Hoppanová, V. Medvecká, Juliana Dylíková, D. Hudecová, B. Kaliňáková, S. Kryštofová, A. Zahoranová
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引用次数: 15

摘要

为了减轻化学品对环境的负担,人们正在寻求各种新的种子保护方法。我们的目标是找到一种环境可接受的解决方案,导致小麦和大麦种子表面的植物病原真菌镰刀菌失活,并对其萌发产生积极影响。低温等离子体(LTP)源采用漫射共面表面阻挡放电(DCSBD)。DCSBD产生的等离子体是非平衡的、冷的、扩散的、宏观上均匀的,即使在大气压下的环境空气中也是如此。实验结果表明,LTP处理120 ~ 300 s可显著抑制种子表面镰刀菌的生长。将LTP处理与传统的化学杀菌剂种子保护工艺以及等离子体预处理和化学杀菌剂联合处理的效果进行了比较。以10%的剂量和60 s的LTP处理组合使用Vitavax 2000杀菌剂后,即使在孵育第5天也未观察到镰刀菌的生长。化学杀菌剂对种子较好的润湿性与种子表面的变化有关,施用LTP 10 s后,种子表面变得亲水。较短的LTP暴露时间不影响萌发,并改善了谷物种子的生长参数。通过将谷物种子的物理(LTP)和化学(Vitavax 2000)处理相结合,可以有效地减少化学杀菌剂的需用量,并促进种子萌发和早期生长参数。
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Low-temperature plasma applications in chemical fungicide treatment reduction
Abstract In order to reduce the environmental burden of chemicals, various new alternatives to seed protection are being sought. Our aim was to find an environmentally acceptable solution leading to the inactivation of seed-borne phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium culmorum on the surface of wheat and barley seeds with a positive effect on their germination. As a low-temperature plasma (LTP) source, a Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge (DCSBD) was used. Plasma generated by DCSBD is non-equilibrium, cold, diffuse, macroscopically homogeneous even in ambient air at atmospheric pressure. Experimental results showed that LTP treatment in the range of 120—300 s significantly inhibits the growth of F. culmorum on the surface of the seeds. The efficiency of LTP treatment was compared with traditional seed protection processes using chemical fungicide and also with combined seed pretreatment by plasma and subsequent application of chemical fungicide. No growth of F. culmorum was observed after the combination of Vitavax 2000 fungicide application in the dose of 10 % and 60 s of LTP treatment even on the 5th day of incubation. Better wettability of seeds with the chemical fungicide was related to the change on seed surface, which becomes hydrophilic after 10 s of LTP application. Short LTP exposure times did not affect germination and improved the growth parameter of cereal seeds. By combining physical (LTP) and chemical (Vitavax 2000) treatments of cereal seeds, it is possible to effectively reduce the required amount of chemical fungicide and to stimulate germination and early growth seed parameters.
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Acta Chimica Slovaca
Acta Chimica Slovaca CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
自引率
12.50%
发文量
11
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