《保留地政治:历史创伤、经济发展和部落内部冲突》,Raymond J.Orr著(综述)

Keith Richotte
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引用次数: 4

摘要

骗子的不可预测性和弹性理论所代表的不确定性,作者拒绝了先前支持人类可以完全控制的说法,而是看到了系统理论和复杂性理论所说明的一系列适应性变化周期。通过两个案例研究说明了这些有点理论意义的概念。新墨西哥州的格兰德河流域说明了恢复力的适应性循环和所需的潜在变革,该系统重新定义并创建了一个全新的森林、水和森林综合管理系统。在这里,土著人认识到他们无法阻止洪水,但他们可以减缓洪水。第二个关于海洋变化的案例研究将骗子描述为海水温度、鱼类种群、海平面等的混乱变化,但可悲的是,这也是二战后的历史悲剧叙事。尽管本书缺乏变革的愿景,但提出了思考政策的长期影响、纳入预防原则和加强保护的古老建议。因为作者认为,法律和社会之间存在着相互告知和相互告知的流动关系,在社会和立法中加入骗子和复原力叙事可以更好地为气候变化背景下的立法过程提供信息。除此之外,作者还加入了阿尔多·利奥波德所倡导的社群主义(人与人、人与自然)的混合原则。作者提出了一个令人信服的理由,即这些原则已经是美国法律的一部分,并通过围绕美国宪法“录取条款”的具体判例法来说明这一点。法律承认,任何国家为公共目的征用私人财产都需要国家支付赔偿。在建立了美国法律中社群主义、骗子和韧性的法律先例后,作者们推动为适应生态变化创造法律空间,并为法律改革提供了具体的想法,包括监测和研究一切,消除非气候压力,规划长期协调部门和利益,切实重视政府和公共对私有财产的权利和价值,促进监管目标和自然资源管理的原则灵活性。这本书是对人类世法律学术的重要贡献。尽管这本书并没有找到政权更迭和变革的所有答案,但它为人类世的新叙事提供了有趣的想法和建议,并提供了开始这段旅程的案例研究和政策建议。
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Reservation Politics: Historical Trauma, Economic Development, and Intratribal Conflict by Raymond J. Orr (review)
unpredictability of the trickster with the uncertainty represented in resilience theory, the authors reject prior narratives supporting the belief that humans can be in complete control, instead seeing a series of adaptive cycles of change illustrated with systems theory and complexity theory. Th ese somewhat theoretical concepts are illustrated through two case studies. Th e Rio Grande watershed in New Mexico illustrates the adaptive cycles of resilience and the potentially transformative change required whereby the system reconceptualizes and creates a fundamentally new system of integrated forest, water, and fl ood management. Here Indigenous people recognize they can’t stop fl oods, but they can slow them down. Th e second case study, of ocean changes, illustrates the trickster as chaotic change of sea temperature, fi sh stocks, sea level, among others, but also sadly the historical post– World War II tragedy narrative. Although a vision of transformative change is lacking in this book, ageold recommendations of thinking about the longterm implications of policy, incorporating the precautionary principle, and increasing conservation are proposed. Because the authors believe a fl uid relation exists where law and society inform and are informed by each other, the addition of the trickster and resilience narrative into society and lawmaking better informs the process of lawmaking in the context of climate change. In addition to this, the authors add to the mix principles of communitarianism (of humans together with humans and humans together with nature) as espoused by Aldo Leopold. Th e authors make a cogent case that these principles are already part of American law and illustrate this with specifi c case law surrounding the “Taking Clause” of the United States Constitution. Th is law recognizes that any state’s taking of private property for public purposes requires the state to pay compensation. Having established the legal precedent for communitarianism, the trickster, and resilience in American law, the authors promote the creation of legal space for adaptive responses to ecological change and provide specifi c ideas for legal reform, including to monitor and study everything, to eliminate nonclimate stresses, plan for the longterm coordinating sectors and interests, give meaningful weight to government and public rights and values in private property, and promote principled fl exibility in regulatory goals and natural resource management. Th is book is an important contribution to legal scholarship in the Anthropocene. Although the book does not have all the answers for regime shift s and transformative change, it off ers interesting ideas and suggestions for a new narrative for the Anthropocene and off ers case studies and policy recommendations that start the journey.
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来源期刊
Great Plains Research
Great Plains Research Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: Great Plains Research publishes original research and scholarly reviews of important advances in the natural and social sciences with relevance to and special emphases on environmental, economic and social issues in the Great Plains. It includes reviews of books and reports on symposia and conferences that included sessions on topics pertaining to the Great Plains. Papers must be comprehensible to a multidisciplinary community of scholars and lay readers who share interest in the region. Stimulating review and synthesis articles will be published if they inform, educate, and highlight both current status and further research directions.
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