西非尼日尔中南部两种重点食用木本植物的果实价值链分析

Massaoudou Moussa, T. Abasse, H. Rabiou, M. Aboubacar, L. Mahamane
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引用次数: 1

摘要

非木材森林产品为西非不同的乡村和城市社区提供重要的社会经济服务。然而,人们对不同行为者之间的联系及其对地方或国家经济的贡献知之甚少。这项研究在尼日尔中南部进行,旨在1)确定和绘制毛酸枣和埃及Balanites aegyptiaca水果价值链中的主要参与者;以及2)分析这两个物种果实开发的造林和社会经济方面。在两个主要农业生态区的四个大村庄进行了社会经济调查。这两个物种的水果开采影响了3044人,2017年估计收集了39吨毛里求斯Z.和27吨埃及伊蚊果实。调查显示,主要参与者是女性(62.05%),构成价值链参与者的主要核心。开采主要在森林(68.6%)或农场(15.4%)进行,不限制进入。毛里香的营销涉及新鲜水果(68.8%)和加工成饼干的水果(82.14%),埃及伊蚊的营销涉及水果(38.5%)和从种子中提取的油(38.7%);第一种和第二种的净利润分别为71.71%±21.59%和50.31%±47.99%。收入主要用于农民家庭的需要。消费者和加工商在提取果肉后向苗圃提供种子,为村庄或农场生产植物,这些联系已经确定。这项研究揭示了尼日尔农村社区弱势阶层创造就业机会、改善粮食和营养状况的重要潜力和机会。改善不同行为者之间的联系将使这两个物种的果实得到更可持续的推广。
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Analysis of the Fruit Value Chain of Two Priority Food Woody Species of Central Southern Niger, West Africa
Non-timber forest products provide important socio-economic services to different village and urban communities in West Africa. However, little is known about the links between the different actors and their contribution to the local or national economy. This study was conducted in central southern Niger and aimed to 1) identify and map the main actors in the value chain of Ziziphus mauritiana and Balanites aegyptiaca fruits; and 2) analyse the silvicultural and socio-economic aspects of fruit exploitation of these two species. Socio-economic surveys were conducted in four big villages in two main agroecological zones. Fruit exploitation of these two species affected 3044 people, with estimated 39 tonnes of Z. mauritiana and 27 tonnes of B. aegyptiaca fruit collected in 2017. The surveys revealed that the main actors were women (62.05%), constituting the primary core of the actors of the value chain. Exploitation was mainly conducted in forests (68.6%) or on farms (15.4%) with no restrictions to access. Marketing of Z. mauritiana concerned fresh fruit (68.8%) and fruit processed into biscuits (82.14%), and that of B. aegyptiaca involved fruit (38.5%) and oil extracted from seeds (38.7%); the net margin was estimated at 71.71% ± 21.59% for the first species and 50.31% ± 47.99% for the second. The income was mainly used for the needs of farmers’ households. Links have been identified where consumers and processors supply seeds, after extracting the fruit pulp, to nurserymen for the production of plants for the villages or farms. This study reveals an important potential and opportunity for job creation and improved food and nutritional status of the vulnerable strata of rural communities in Niger. Improving the links between the various actors will establish a more sustainable promotion of the fruits of these two species.
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