Association of interferon-induced helicase (IFIH1) gene polymorphism rs1990760 with type two diabetes mellitus in Iraqi population

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes. It is caused by inefficient insulin use, as well as the progressive loss of pancreatic β cells function. T2DM is the most common type of diabetes in the world. It is the major cause of death in adults and children, mainly of heart disease. The non-synonymous polymorphism rs1990760 is located in the HNF-3b binding site within exon 15 of the IFIH1 coding region. At codon 946, it encodes a change from alanine to threonine (Ala 946 Thr).

Methods

On 100 patients and 100 controls, a case-control study was conducted. After extraction of genomic DNA, the SNP rs 1,990,760 analysis was performed using Taq-man real time PCR (RT-PCR). Fasting blood sugar, insulin level, HOMA-IR and lipid profile were determined. Anthropometric parameters such as height, weight and BMI were calculated. T2DM risk was determined as an odds ratio.

Results

TT, CT genotype carriers were less likely to develop T2DM [OR = 0.38, CI 95% = 0.17–0.82, P = 0.01] and [OR = 0.40, CI 95% = 0.16–5.99, P = 0.04] respectively.

High density lipoprotein (HDL) is shown significant differences in codominant model among genotypes in the patient's group.

Conclusion

Interferon-induced helicase (IFIH1) gene polymorphism rs1990760 is involved in reduced risk of T2DM. In addition this SNP may play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases by affecting HDL levels.