Clinical, Biological, Scannographic and Prognosis Characteristics of Severe Covid-19 According To the Extent of Lung Lesions on Chest CT Scan

Introduction: COVID-19 caused by SARSCov-2 could be serious and fatal. The objective was to determine the correlation of clinical, biological, CT and prognosis of severe COVID-19 according to the extent of lung lesions on the chest CT scan. Patients and method: This is a retrospective analytical study carried out in the department of pneumology University Hospital of the Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo, Madagascar for a three-month period from March to May 2021. Results: 78 severe COVID-19 cases met the inclusion criteria, for an incidence of 66.7%. The mean age of our patients was 52.81 ± 16.64 years. Age did not differ for the three CT extension groups (p = 0.60). Male gender, dyspnea, C-Reactive protein elevation correlated with the extent of lung damage (p <0.05). On CT scan, the ground glass image and bilateral involvement were also associated with CT extension of lung lesions (p = 0.03, p = 0.04). The prognosis in terms of mortality was worse in severe COVID-19 patients with disease greater than 26%. The overall death was 6.41%. Conclusion: Factors such as male gender, dyspnea, C-reactive protein, frosted glass and bilateral images of severe COVID-19 patients were correlated with the CT extent of lung lesions. Their understandings would make it possible to predict the unfavorable evolution of these lesions on a CT scan, thus reducing mortality.