大饥荒时代的新西兰爱尔兰政治:玛丽亚·贝内特苦难叙事的怪案

Q2 Arts and Humanities Journal of New Zealand and Pacific Studies Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.1386/nzps_00068_1
D. Chandler
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引用次数: 0

摘要

《玛丽亚·贝内特的苦难叙述》是一本印刷粗糙的八页小册子,于1846年春天在都柏林出版。它被解读为一部关于新西兰的早期小说,或者被解读为新西兰的“囚禁叙事”,可能是基于作者自己的经历。与这些解读相反,这里有人认为,Maria Bennett更关心爱尔兰而不是新西兰,是与1846年2月23日首次辩论的英国政府“保护生命(爱尔兰)法案”(通常简称为“胁迫法案”)有关的亲英宣传。大饥荒始于1845年秋季爱尔兰主要马铃薯作物的大面积歉收。这导致了无法无天现象的增加,政府计划将其救济措施与严厉的新安全条例结合起来。玛丽亚·贝内特(Maria Bennett)是一名虚构的年轻爱尔兰女子,被送往澳大利亚,但在新西兰遭遇海难,她的故事旨在宣传英国法律的人性。逃离毛利人后,她设法到达伦敦,在那里她得到了负责《强制法案》的内政大臣詹姆斯·格雷厄姆爵士的赦免。新西兰,在英国殖民时代一开始就被想象出来,在文本中是对爱尔兰的黑暗类比,是一个“野蛮”条件的原始例子,使英国的统治成为必要和可取的。一个饥饿、无法无天的爱尔兰可能会堕落到这种不文明的程度,除非宣传者敦促它接受更多的英国法律。
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New Zealand in Great Famine Era Irish politics: The strange case of A Narrative of the Sufferings of Maria Bennett
A Narrative of the Sufferings of Maria Bennett, a crudely printed, eight-page pamphlet, was published in Dublin in spring 1846. It has been interpreted as an early fiction concerning New Zealand, or alternatively as a New Zealand ‘captivity narrative’, possibly based on the author’s own experiences. Against these readings, it is argued here that Maria Bennett, more concerned with Ireland than New Zealand, is a piece of pro-British propaganda hurried out in connection with the British Government’s ‘Protection of Life (Ireland) Bill’ ‐ generally referred to simply as the ‘Coercion Bill’ ‐ first debated on 23 February 1846. The Great Famine had begun with the substantial failure of Ireland’s staple potato crop in autumn 1845. This led to an increase in lawlessness, and the Government planned to combine its relief measures with draconian new security regulations. The story of Maria Bennett, a fictional young Irishwoman transported to Australia but shipwrecked in New Zealand, was designed to advertise the humanity of British law. Having escaped from the Māori, she manages to get to London, where she is pardoned by Sir James Graham, the Home Secretary, the man responsible for the Coercion Bill. New Zealand, imagined at the very beginning of the British colonial era, functions in the text as a dark analogy to Ireland, a sort of pristine example of the ‘savage’ conditions making British rule necessary and desirable in the first place. A hungry, lawless Ireland could descend to that level of uncivilization, unless, the propagandist urges, it accepts more British law.
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来源期刊
Journal of New Zealand and Pacific Studies
Journal of New Zealand and Pacific Studies Arts and Humanities-Literature and Literary Theory
CiteScore
0.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: The Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies covers disciplines including the humanities and social sciences, and subjects such as cultural studies, history, literature, film, anthropology, politics and sociology. Each issue of this publication aims to establish a balance between papers on New Zealand and papers on the South Pacific, with a reports and book reviews section included. The journal is sponsored by the New Zealand Studies Association and hosted by the University of Vienna. It has replaced the key publication NZSA Bulletin of New Zealand Studies.
期刊最新文献
In conversation with Stallone Vaiaoga-Ioasa Mothers’ Darlings of The South Pacific: The Children of Indigenous Women and U.S. Servicemen, World War II, Judith A. Bennett and Angela Wanhalla (eds) (2016) Beyond Hawaii: Native Labor in the Pacific World, Gregory Rosenthal (2018) The New Zealand Wars: Ngā Pakanga o Aotearoa, Vincent O’Malley (2019) Special Issue: New Scholarship in New Zealand and Pacific Studies Part 2
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