ANTI-NUTRITIONAL AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC-MS) ANALYSIS OF ETHANOL ROOT EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF Sphenocentrum jollyanum

The anti-nutritional composition and Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of ethanol root extract and fractions of Sphenocentrum jollyanum (SJ) were carried out. The anti-nutritional factors and GC-MS were analyzed using standard methods. The anti-nutritional constituents of the samples were in the order of phenols> terpenoids>flavonoids>tannins>glycosides>alkaloids>hydrogen cyanide>saponins>steroids. The phytochemicals were significantly (P<0.05) higher in extract than fractions, the terpenoids value obtained as 1904.72mg/100g from ethanol extract is significantly higher (P<0.05) than the values of 935.80mg/100g and 968.92 mg/100g gotten from it ethylacetate and methanol fractions respectively. There is no significant difference (P>0.05) for the ethylacetate 0.74 mg/100g and methanol 0.79 mg/100g fractions of steroids. However, the methanol fraction of Tannins, Phenols, Glycosides, Saponins, and Hydrogen cyanide were significantly higher than its’s ethylacetate fractions. Chromatogram of GC-MS analysis of the samples of SJ showed 49, 43 and 24 peaks for crude ethanol extract, ethylacetate and methanol fractions, respectively. GC-MS analysis of the crude ethanol root extract and fractions as shown in Tables 2, 3 and 4 contain hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid and nonanoic acid methyl ester. The ethylacetate and methanol fractions of Sphenocentrum jollyanum contain 16.9 and 10.1% of 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (8-methylnonyl) ester, respectively.