另一场厨房辩论:冷战后期美国的性别、微波炉安全和家庭劳动

IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q4 BUSINESS Enterprise & Society Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI:10.1017/eso.2022.20
W. Gamber
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引用次数: 0

摘要

《另一个厨房的争论》将微波炉的历史置于冷战焦虑和性别政治的背景下。苏联和美国安全标准之间的差异、苏联部署的微波间谍活动以及核战争的前景引发了人们对低水平辐射供电的厨房电器可能存在的危险的担忧。在20世纪70年代和80年代初,政治家、政府监管机构、行业代表、广告商、家庭经济学家、媒体和消费者就烤箱安全和微波烹饪的优点展开了激烈的辩论。到了80年代末和90年代初,随着东西方紧张局势的缓和,美国女性进入有偿劳动力队伍的人数创下历史新高,美国媒体认为电子烤箱带来的危害与传统烤箱带来的危险之间的区别越来越小。新的安全定义将微波炉重新定义为纯粹的家用电器,留下了关于非离子辐射潜在风险的问题尚未解决。
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The Other Kitchen Debate: Gender, Microwave Safety, and Household Labor in Late Cold War America
“The Other Kitchen Debate” places the history of the microwave oven in the context of Cold War anxieties and gender politics. Discrepancies between Soviet and U.S. safety standards, Soviet deployment of microwave espionage, and the prospect of nuclear war triggered fears about the possible dangers of kitchen appliances powered by low-level radiation. During the 1970s and early 1980s, politicians, government regulators, industry representatives, advertisers, home economists, media, and consumers engaged in lively debates over oven safety and the merits of microwave cookery. By the late eighties and early nineties, as East–West tensions waned and record numbers of American women entered the paid labor force, American media perceived fewer distinctions between the hazards posed by electronic ovens and those presented by their conventional counterparts. New definitions of safety redefined microwave ovens as purely domestic appliances, leaving questions about the potential risks of nonionizing radiation unresolved.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
30.00%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: Enterprise & Society offers a forum for research on the historical relations between businesses and their larger political, cultural, institutional, social, and economic contexts. The journal aims to be truly international in scope. Studies focused on individual firms and industries and grounded in a broad historical framework are welcome, as are innovative applications of economic or management theories to business and its context.
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