{"title":"老年人赌博问题。意大利关于习惯、表征、参与程度和心理社会决定因素的研究","authors":"C. Venuleo, Tiziana Marinaci, Piergiorgio Mossi","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Gambling participation among older people has grown over the years. Elders constitute a large and fast-growing population in Italy, but little empirical evidence describes gambling patterns among older Italian adults and the problem gambling (PG)’s psychosocial determinants, so a range of questions which are crucial to orient prevention strategies remain unanswered. The present study aims to investigate habits, representations, levels of engagement in gambling among Italian elders and the role of loneliness, social support and well-being in explaining their problem with gambling. A convenience sample of 165 participants (mean age: 66.93; SD = 5.73; women: 43.1%) was involved. Gambling activities, habits, representations and PG rates were examined. A group “at moderate risk/problem gambling” (scoring >7 on PGSI, n = 40) and a control group (scoring 0 on PGSI, n = 40) were selected from the whole sample, balanced on socio-demographic characteristics; a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the two groups on the target psychosocial variables. 11.5% of the sample was found to meet the PGSI criteria for PG; 26.7% for moderate risk; 11.5% for problem gambling; 50.3% were classified as no-problem gamblers. Scratch cards were the main form of gambling among all groups; the chance to make more money and to distract oneself from other problems were the main reasons to gamble. Finally, the group “at moderate risk/problem gambling,” compared to the control group, expressed higher loneliness, as well as lower perceived social support and well-being. Resume La pratique des jeux de hasard chez les personnes plus âgees augmente au fil des annees. Les aines representent un segment important et a croissance rapide de la population en Italie, mais peu de donnees empiriques decrivent les habitudes de pratique de jeux de hasard des adultes italiens plus âges et les determinants psychosociaux du jeu compulsif. Tout un eventail de questions essentielles a l’orientation des strategies de prevention reste sans reponse. La presente etude se penche sur les habitudes, les representations et les niveaux de pratique de jeux de hasard chez les aines italiens, ainsi que le role de la solitude, du soutien social et du bien-etre pour expliquer leurs problemes lies au jeu, a l’aide d’un echantillon de commodite de 165 participants (moyenne d’âge : 66,93; ecart-type de la population = 5.73; femmes : 43,1 %). La pratique des jeux de hasard, les habitudes, les representations et le jeu compulsif ont ete examines. Un groupe « a risque moyen/jeu compulsif » (pointage >7 sur l’indice de gravite de jeu compulsif (IGJC), n = 40) et un groupe temoin (pointage de 0 sur l’IGJC, n = 40) ont ete choisis parmi l’ensemble de l’echantillon, equilibres du point de vue des caracteristiques sociodemographiques; une analyse de variance a un critere de classification (ANOVA) a ete utilisee pour comparer les deux groupes par rapport aux variables psychosociales cibles. On a constate que 11,5 % de l’echantillon repondaient aux criteres de jeu compulsif de l’IGJC; 26,7 % repondaient aux criteres de risque modere; 11,5 %, aux criteres de jeu compulsif; et 50,3 % etaient classes comme des joueurs ne presentant pas de probleme. Les cartes a gratter constituaient la forme principale de jeu de hasard dans tous les groupes; les principales raisons de jouer etaient la possibilite de faire plus d’argent et d’oublier d’autres problemes. Enfin, par rapport au groupe temoin, le groupe « a risque moyen/jeu compulsif » a exprime un plus grand sentiment de solitude et percevait un moins grand soutien social et un moins grand bien-etre.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"5","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Problem gambling among older people. An Italian study on habits, representations, levels of engagement and psychosocial determinants\",\"authors\":\"C. Venuleo, Tiziana Marinaci, Piergiorgio Mossi\",\"doi\":\"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Gambling participation among older people has grown over the years. Elders constitute a large and fast-growing population in Italy, but little empirical evidence describes gambling patterns among older Italian adults and the problem gambling (PG)’s psychosocial determinants, so a range of questions which are crucial to orient prevention strategies remain unanswered. The present study aims to investigate habits, representations, levels of engagement in gambling among Italian elders and the role of loneliness, social support and well-being in explaining their problem with gambling. A convenience sample of 165 participants (mean age: 66.93; SD = 5.73; women: 43.1%) was involved. Gambling activities, habits, representations and PG rates were examined. A group “at moderate risk/problem gambling” (scoring >7 on PGSI, n = 40) and a control group (scoring 0 on PGSI, n = 40) were selected from the whole sample, balanced on socio-demographic characteristics; a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the two groups on the target psychosocial variables. 11.5% of the sample was found to meet the PGSI criteria for PG; 26.7% for moderate risk; 11.5% for problem gambling; 50.3% were classified as no-problem gamblers. Scratch cards were the main form of gambling among all groups; the chance to make more money and to distract oneself from other problems were the main reasons to gamble. Finally, the group “at moderate risk/problem gambling,” compared to the control group, expressed higher loneliness, as well as lower perceived social support and well-being. Resume La pratique des jeux de hasard chez les personnes plus âgees augmente au fil des annees. Les aines representent un segment important et a croissance rapide de la population en Italie, mais peu de donnees empiriques decrivent les habitudes de pratique de jeux de hasard des adultes italiens plus âges et les determinants psychosociaux du jeu compulsif. Tout un eventail de questions essentielles a l’orientation des strategies de prevention reste sans reponse. La presente etude se penche sur les habitudes, les representations et les niveaux de pratique de jeux de hasard chez les aines italiens, ainsi que le role de la solitude, du soutien social et du bien-etre pour expliquer leurs problemes lies au jeu, a l’aide d’un echantillon de commodite de 165 participants (moyenne d’âge : 66,93; ecart-type de la population = 5.73; femmes : 43,1 %). La pratique des jeux de hasard, les habitudes, les representations et le jeu compulsif ont ete examines. Un groupe « a risque moyen/jeu compulsif » (pointage >7 sur l’indice de gravite de jeu compulsif (IGJC), n = 40) et un groupe temoin (pointage de 0 sur l’IGJC, n = 40) ont ete choisis parmi l’ensemble de l’echantillon, equilibres du point de vue des caracteristiques sociodemographiques; une analyse de variance a un critere de classification (ANOVA) a ete utilisee pour comparer les deux groupes par rapport aux variables psychosociales cibles. On a constate que 11,5 % de l’echantillon repondaient aux criteres de jeu compulsif de l’IGJC; 26,7 % repondaient aux criteres de risque modere; 11,5 %, aux criteres de jeu compulsif; et 50,3 % etaient classes comme des joueurs ne presentant pas de probleme. Les cartes a gratter constituaient la forme principale de jeu de hasard dans tous les groupes; les principales raisons de jouer etaient la possibilite de faire plus d’argent et d’oublier d’autres problemes. Enfin, par rapport au groupe temoin, le groupe « a risque moyen/jeu compulsif » a exprime un plus grand sentiment de solitude et percevait un moins grand soutien social et un moins grand bien-etre.\",\"PeriodicalId\":45414,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Gambling Issues\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-03-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"5\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Gambling Issues\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.3\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"SUBSTANCE ABUSE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Gambling Issues","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.3","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"SUBSTANCE ABUSE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Problem gambling among older people. An Italian study on habits, representations, levels of engagement and psychosocial determinants
Gambling participation among older people has grown over the years. Elders constitute a large and fast-growing population in Italy, but little empirical evidence describes gambling patterns among older Italian adults and the problem gambling (PG)’s psychosocial determinants, so a range of questions which are crucial to orient prevention strategies remain unanswered. The present study aims to investigate habits, representations, levels of engagement in gambling among Italian elders and the role of loneliness, social support and well-being in explaining their problem with gambling. A convenience sample of 165 participants (mean age: 66.93; SD = 5.73; women: 43.1%) was involved. Gambling activities, habits, representations and PG rates were examined. A group “at moderate risk/problem gambling” (scoring >7 on PGSI, n = 40) and a control group (scoring 0 on PGSI, n = 40) were selected from the whole sample, balanced on socio-demographic characteristics; a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the two groups on the target psychosocial variables. 11.5% of the sample was found to meet the PGSI criteria for PG; 26.7% for moderate risk; 11.5% for problem gambling; 50.3% were classified as no-problem gamblers. Scratch cards were the main form of gambling among all groups; the chance to make more money and to distract oneself from other problems were the main reasons to gamble. Finally, the group “at moderate risk/problem gambling,” compared to the control group, expressed higher loneliness, as well as lower perceived social support and well-being. Resume La pratique des jeux de hasard chez les personnes plus âgees augmente au fil des annees. Les aines representent un segment important et a croissance rapide de la population en Italie, mais peu de donnees empiriques decrivent les habitudes de pratique de jeux de hasard des adultes italiens plus âges et les determinants psychosociaux du jeu compulsif. Tout un eventail de questions essentielles a l’orientation des strategies de prevention reste sans reponse. La presente etude se penche sur les habitudes, les representations et les niveaux de pratique de jeux de hasard chez les aines italiens, ainsi que le role de la solitude, du soutien social et du bien-etre pour expliquer leurs problemes lies au jeu, a l’aide d’un echantillon de commodite de 165 participants (moyenne d’âge : 66,93; ecart-type de la population = 5.73; femmes : 43,1 %). La pratique des jeux de hasard, les habitudes, les representations et le jeu compulsif ont ete examines. Un groupe « a risque moyen/jeu compulsif » (pointage >7 sur l’indice de gravite de jeu compulsif (IGJC), n = 40) et un groupe temoin (pointage de 0 sur l’IGJC, n = 40) ont ete choisis parmi l’ensemble de l’echantillon, equilibres du point de vue des caracteristiques sociodemographiques; une analyse de variance a un critere de classification (ANOVA) a ete utilisee pour comparer les deux groupes par rapport aux variables psychosociales cibles. On a constate que 11,5 % de l’echantillon repondaient aux criteres de jeu compulsif de l’IGJC; 26,7 % repondaient aux criteres de risque modere; 11,5 %, aux criteres de jeu compulsif; et 50,3 % etaient classes comme des joueurs ne presentant pas de probleme. Les cartes a gratter constituaient la forme principale de jeu de hasard dans tous les groupes; les principales raisons de jouer etaient la possibilite de faire plus d’argent et d’oublier d’autres problemes. Enfin, par rapport au groupe temoin, le groupe « a risque moyen/jeu compulsif » a exprime un plus grand sentiment de solitude et percevait un moins grand soutien social et un moins grand bien-etre.