The Study of mRNA Expression Profiles of Main Cell Function Regulator Genes in Unchanged Colon Mucosa from Healthy Donors

A comparative analysis of molecular genetic phenotypes of mucous membrane cells has been carried out in five anatomical regions of the large intestine in a group of healthy donors. The mRNA expression profiles of 62 genes involved in the regulation of vital cellular function were investigated in 181 biopsy samples of morphologically unchanged colon mucosa, obtained from the colon (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid) and rectum sections during prophylactic colonoscopy of 58 donors without large intestine pathology. The mRNA levels for 62 genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis, proliferation, transcription, differentiation, cell-cell adhesion, and immune response were assessed by RT-PCR. Statistically significant differences were found for the molecular phenotypes of five sections of the large intestine. The results of the study can serve as a basis for creating a reference database (values of expression profiles), developing methods of differential diagnostics and screening of various pathologies of the large intestine.