CMIP6 OMIP模型中大气强迫不确定性对北极和南极海冰模拟的影响

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Cryosphere Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI:10.5194/tc-17-1935-2023
Xia Lin, F. Massonnet, T. Fichefet, M. Vancoppenolle
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引用次数: 2

摘要

摘要大气再分析是驱动海洋-海冰环流模型和提出极地海洋-海冰系统数十年重建的宝贵数据集。然而,这些重新分析在这些地区显示出偏见。先前发现,参与海洋模式相互比较项目第二阶段(OMIP2,使用最新的日本55年大气再分析,JRA55do)的模型中北极和南极海冰的呈现明显比OMIP1(由协调海冰参考实验第二版CORE-II的大气状态所迫)更现实。为了理解原因,我们在三个模型(CMCC-CM2-SR5、MRI-ESM2-0和NorESM2-LM)的子集中研究了海冰浓度预算及其与表面热量和动量通量的关系,以及模拟冰漂移与冰浓度、冰厚度和风应力之间的联系。这三个模型是集合的代表,是唯一提供冰浓度预算分析所需的动态和热力学过程所导致的冰浓度的表面通量和趋势的模型。CORE-II和JRA55对另外两个模型(EC-Earth3和MIROC6)的海冰模拟也包括在分析中。研究发现,由于地表热通量的变化,高冰浓度地区的夏季负偏差和加拿大北极群岛(CAA)和威德尔海中部(CWS)地区的正偏差从OMIP1减少到OMIP2。净短波辐射通量为北极内陆、CAA和CWS地区提供了关键改善。OMIP2的表面风应力改善也有影响,使冬季南极的冰浓度和冰缘附近的北极冰漂移幅度模拟更好。由于表面风应力的变化,OMIP2中波弗特Gyre以及南大洋太平洋和大西洋部分的冰速度方向模拟也得到了改进。这项研究为改进的大气再分析产品如何影响海冰模拟提供了线索。我们的研究结果表明,在极地大气再分析中应注意辐射通量和风。
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Impact of atmospheric forcing uncertainties on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice simulations in CMIP6 OMIP models
Abstract. Atmospheric reanalyses are valuable datasets for driving ocean–sea ice general circulation models and for proposing multidecadal reconstructions of the ocean–sea ice system in polar regions. However, these reanalyses exhibit biases in these regions. It was previously found that the representation of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice in models participating in the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (OMIP2, using the updated Japanese 55-year atmospheric reanalysis, JRA55-do) was significantly more realistic than in OMIP1 (forced by the atmospheric state from the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments version 2, CORE-II). To understand why, we study the sea ice concentration budget and its relations to surface heat and momentum fluxes as well as the connections between the simulated ice drift and the ice concentration, the ice thickness and the wind stress in a subset of three models (CMCC-CM2-SR5, MRI-ESM2-0 and NorESM2-LM). These three models are representative of the ensemble and are the only ones to provide the surface fluxes and the tendencies of ice concentrations attributed to dynamic and thermodynamic processes required for the ice concentration budget analysis. The sea ice simulations of two other models (EC-Earth3 and MIROC6) forced by both CORE-II and JRA55-do reanalysis are also included in the analysis. It is found that negative summer biases in high-ice-concentration regions and positive biases in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and central Weddell Sea (CWS) regions are reduced from OMIP1 to OMIP2 due to surface heat flux changes. Net shortwave radiation fluxes provide key improvements in the Arctic interior, CAA and CWS regions. There is also an influence of improved surface wind stress in OMIP2 giving better winter Antarctic ice concentration and the Arctic ice drift magnitude simulations near the ice edge. The ice velocity direction simulations in the Beaufort Gyre and the Pacific and Atlantic sectors of the Southern Ocean in OMIP2 are also improved owing to surface wind stress changes. This study provides clues on how improved atmospheric reanalysis products influence sea ice simulations. Our findings suggest that attention should be paid to the radiation fluxes and winds in atmospheric reanalyses in polar regions.
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来源期刊
Cryosphere
Cryosphere GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
17.30%
发文量
240
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Cryosphere (TC) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of research articles, short communications, and review papers on all aspects of frozen water and ground on Earth and on other planetary bodies. The main subject areas are the following: ice sheets and glaciers; planetary ice bodies; permafrost and seasonally frozen ground; seasonal snow cover; sea ice; river and lake ice; remote sensing, numerical modelling, in situ and laboratory studies of the above and including studies of the interaction of the cryosphere with the rest of the climate system.
期刊最新文献
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