Xia Lin, F. Massonnet, T. Fichefet, M. Vancoppenolle
{"title":"CMIP6 OMIP模型中大气强迫不确定性对北极和南极海冰模拟的影响","authors":"Xia Lin, F. Massonnet, T. Fichefet, M. Vancoppenolle","doi":"10.5194/tc-17-1935-2023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Atmospheric reanalyses are valuable datasets for driving ocean–sea ice general circulation models and for proposing multidecadal reconstructions of the ocean–sea ice system in polar regions. However, these reanalyses exhibit biases in these regions. It was previously found that the\nrepresentation of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice in models participating in\nthe Ocean Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (OMIP2, using the updated Japanese 55-year atmospheric reanalysis, JRA55-do) was significantly more realistic than in OMIP1 (forced by the atmospheric state from the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference\nExperiments version 2, CORE-II). To understand why, we study the sea ice\nconcentration budget and its relations to surface heat and momentum fluxes as well as the connections between the simulated ice drift and the ice\nconcentration, the ice thickness and the wind stress in a subset of three\nmodels (CMCC-CM2-SR5, MRI-ESM2-0 and NorESM2-LM). These three models are representative of the ensemble and are the only ones to provide the surface\nfluxes and the tendencies of ice concentrations attributed to dynamic and thermodynamic processes required for the ice concentration budget analysis.\nThe sea ice simulations of two other models (EC-Earth3 and MIROC6) forced by\nboth CORE-II and JRA55-do reanalysis are also included in the analysis. It is found that negative summer biases in high-ice-concentration regions and positive biases in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and central Weddell\nSea (CWS) regions are reduced from OMIP1 to OMIP2 due to surface heat flux changes. Net shortwave radiation fluxes provide key improvements in the Arctic interior, CAA and CWS regions. There is also an influence of improved\nsurface wind stress in OMIP2 giving better winter Antarctic ice\nconcentration and the Arctic ice drift magnitude simulations near the ice\nedge. The ice velocity direction simulations in the Beaufort Gyre and the Pacific and Atlantic sectors of the Southern Ocean in OMIP2 are also\nimproved owing to surface wind stress changes. This study provides clues on\nhow improved atmospheric reanalysis products influence sea ice simulations.\nOur findings suggest that attention should be paid to the radiation fluxes\nand winds in atmospheric reanalyses in polar regions.\n","PeriodicalId":56315,"journal":{"name":"Cryosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Impact of atmospheric forcing uncertainties on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice simulations in CMIP6 OMIP models\",\"authors\":\"Xia Lin, F. Massonnet, T. Fichefet, M. Vancoppenolle\",\"doi\":\"10.5194/tc-17-1935-2023\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract. Atmospheric reanalyses are valuable datasets for driving ocean–sea ice general circulation models and for proposing multidecadal reconstructions of the ocean–sea ice system in polar regions. However, these reanalyses exhibit biases in these regions. It was previously found that the\\nrepresentation of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice in models participating in\\nthe Ocean Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (OMIP2, using the updated Japanese 55-year atmospheric reanalysis, JRA55-do) was significantly more realistic than in OMIP1 (forced by the atmospheric state from the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference\\nExperiments version 2, CORE-II). To understand why, we study the sea ice\\nconcentration budget and its relations to surface heat and momentum fluxes as well as the connections between the simulated ice drift and the ice\\nconcentration, the ice thickness and the wind stress in a subset of three\\nmodels (CMCC-CM2-SR5, MRI-ESM2-0 and NorESM2-LM). These three models are representative of the ensemble and are the only ones to provide the surface\\nfluxes and the tendencies of ice concentrations attributed to dynamic and thermodynamic processes required for the ice concentration budget analysis.\\nThe sea ice simulations of two other models (EC-Earth3 and MIROC6) forced by\\nboth CORE-II and JRA55-do reanalysis are also included in the analysis. It is found that negative summer biases in high-ice-concentration regions and positive biases in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and central Weddell\\nSea (CWS) regions are reduced from OMIP1 to OMIP2 due to surface heat flux changes. Net shortwave radiation fluxes provide key improvements in the Arctic interior, CAA and CWS regions. There is also an influence of improved\\nsurface wind stress in OMIP2 giving better winter Antarctic ice\\nconcentration and the Arctic ice drift magnitude simulations near the ice\\nedge. The ice velocity direction simulations in the Beaufort Gyre and the Pacific and Atlantic sectors of the Southern Ocean in OMIP2 are also\\nimproved owing to surface wind stress changes. This study provides clues on\\nhow improved atmospheric reanalysis products influence sea ice simulations.\\nOur findings suggest that attention should be paid to the radiation fluxes\\nand winds in atmospheric reanalyses in polar regions.\\n\",\"PeriodicalId\":56315,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Cryosphere\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-05-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Cryosphere\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1935-2023\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cryosphere","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1935-2023","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Impact of atmospheric forcing uncertainties on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice simulations in CMIP6 OMIP models
Abstract. Atmospheric reanalyses are valuable datasets for driving ocean–sea ice general circulation models and for proposing multidecadal reconstructions of the ocean–sea ice system in polar regions. However, these reanalyses exhibit biases in these regions. It was previously found that the
representation of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice in models participating in
the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (OMIP2, using the updated Japanese 55-year atmospheric reanalysis, JRA55-do) was significantly more realistic than in OMIP1 (forced by the atmospheric state from the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference
Experiments version 2, CORE-II). To understand why, we study the sea ice
concentration budget and its relations to surface heat and momentum fluxes as well as the connections between the simulated ice drift and the ice
concentration, the ice thickness and the wind stress in a subset of three
models (CMCC-CM2-SR5, MRI-ESM2-0 and NorESM2-LM). These three models are representative of the ensemble and are the only ones to provide the surface
fluxes and the tendencies of ice concentrations attributed to dynamic and thermodynamic processes required for the ice concentration budget analysis.
The sea ice simulations of two other models (EC-Earth3 and MIROC6) forced by
both CORE-II and JRA55-do reanalysis are also included in the analysis. It is found that negative summer biases in high-ice-concentration regions and positive biases in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and central Weddell
Sea (CWS) regions are reduced from OMIP1 to OMIP2 due to surface heat flux changes. Net shortwave radiation fluxes provide key improvements in the Arctic interior, CAA and CWS regions. There is also an influence of improved
surface wind stress in OMIP2 giving better winter Antarctic ice
concentration and the Arctic ice drift magnitude simulations near the ice
edge. The ice velocity direction simulations in the Beaufort Gyre and the Pacific and Atlantic sectors of the Southern Ocean in OMIP2 are also
improved owing to surface wind stress changes. This study provides clues on
how improved atmospheric reanalysis products influence sea ice simulations.
Our findings suggest that attention should be paid to the radiation fluxes
and winds in atmospheric reanalyses in polar regions.
期刊介绍:
The Cryosphere (TC) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of research articles, short communications, and review papers on all aspects of frozen water and ground on Earth and on other planetary bodies.
The main subject areas are the following:
ice sheets and glaciers;
planetary ice bodies;
permafrost and seasonally frozen ground;
seasonal snow cover;
sea ice;
river and lake ice;
remote sensing, numerical modelling, in situ and laboratory studies of the above and including studies of the interaction of the cryosphere with the rest of the climate system.