建筑工人皮肤病概况:一项横断面研究

Nafina Jasmine, S. Shetty, S. Pai
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摘要

背景:建筑行业是世界范围内一个不断发展的行业,包括印度,雇用大量人口。建筑工人从事各种各样的工作,包括搅拌混凝土和搬运重物。职业性接触性皮炎是一种重要的职业性皮肤病,水泥是最主要的病原体,是一种职业性危害。目的:本研究旨在了解建筑工人职业性皮肤病的流行情况。材料与方法:本横断面研究在卡纳塔克邦的马尼帕尔进行,调查对象为300名建筑工人。对人口统计参数进行了详细调查,如年龄、性别、工作性质、工作时间、接触的化学品、症状和防护装置的使用情况。他们被检查以记录症状、临床模式和病变分布。结果:职工年龄以20 ~ 29岁为主。常见的皮肤疾病是老茧(17.33%)、外伤性损伤(10%)、皮肤真菌感染(8.33%)和皮炎(5.7%),还有一些其他皮肤病是由于暴露在高温下的时间增加和没有佩戴防护装置的工人在潮湿的工作中工作时间增加而引起的。结论:建筑工人就业前体检和定期体检不足。建筑工人常见的皮肤病主要是由于缺乏预防措施。因此,重要的是要提高健康意识,以识别各种皮肤病的早期体征和症状,并就个人防护装备的使用进行教育。
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Profile of dermatological disorders among construction workers: A cross-sectional study
Background: The construction industry is a growing industry worldwide, including India, employing a large population. Construction workers perform a variety of work including mixing concrete and carrying heavy objects. Occupational contact dermatitis is a significant occupational dermatosis, cement being the most important agent and is an occupational hazard. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of occupational skin diseases among construction workers. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Manipal, Karnataka, among 300 construction workers. A detailed inquiry was made on demographic parameters such as age, sex, nature of work, duration of the job, chemicals exposed to, symptoms, and use of protective devices. They were examined to note the symptoms, clinical pattern, and distribution of lesions. Results: The majority of the workers belonged to the age group between 20 and 29 years. The common skin disorders noticed were callosities (17.33%), traumatic injuries (10%), dermatophyte infections (8.33%), and dermatitis (5.7%) along with few other dermatoses encountered due to increased exposure to heat and due to increased wet work in workers who did not wear protective devices. Conclusions: There is a lack of preemployment and periodic medical examinations for construction workers. Common dermatoses seen among the construction workers were mainly due to the lack of preventive measures. Hence, it is important to raise health awareness to recognize early signs and symptoms of various dermatoses and educate regarding the use of personal protective equipment.
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