Julia Ebner, Christopher Kavanagh, Harvey Whitehouse
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引用次数: 0
摘要
越来越多的研究表明,个人为团体战斗和献身的意愿源于个人身份与团体身份的融合,尤其是当团体受到威胁、暴力得到宽恕、团体的敌人被非人化或妖魔化时。在此,我们考虑极端分子使用的语言是否有助于早期发现这些与暴力极端主义相关的风险因素。我们将一个新的基于融合的语言暴力风险评估框架应用于一系列极右极端主义网络团体。我们进行了基于 R 的 NLP 分析,得出了暴力风险指数,将恐怖主义宣言与非暴力公报中具有统计意义的语言标记整合到每个团体的加权风险评估分数中。然后将极右极端主义团体基于语言的暴力风险得分与非极端主义对照团体的得分进行比较。我们在进行 NLP 定量分析的同时,还对每个群体中检测到的暴力标记进行了定性分析。我们的结果表明,融合标记与在不同在线数据集中识别出的其他几个变量相结合,确实表明了现实世界中与相关群体有关的暴力程度,为侦测和预防暴力恐怖主义指出了新的途径。
Assessing Violence Risk among Far-Right Extremists: A New Role for Natural Language Processing.
A growing body of research suggests that an individual's willingness to fight and die for groups is rooted in the fusion of personal and group identities, especially when the group is threatened, violence is condoned, and the group's enemies are dehumanised or demonised. Here we consider whether the language used by extremists can help with early detection of these risk factors associated with violent extremism. We applied a new fusion-based linguistic violence risk assessment framework to a range of far-right extremist online groups from across the violence spectrum. We conducted an R-based NLP analysis to produce a Violence Risk Index, integrating statistically significant linguistic markers of terrorist manifestos as opposed to non-violent communiqués into one weighted risk assessment score for each group. The language-based violence risk scores for the far-right extremist groups were then compared to those of non-extremist control groups. We complemented our quantitative NLP analysis with qualitative insights that contextualise the violence markers detected in each group. Our results show that the fusion markers combined with several other variables identified across the different online datasets are indeed indicative of the real-world violence level associated with the relevant groups, pointing to new ways of detecting and preventing violent terrorism.
期刊介绍:
Terrorism and Political Violence advances scholarship on a broad range of issues associated with terrorism and political violence, including subjects such as: the political meaning of terrorist activity, violence by rebels and by states, the links between political violence and organized crime, protest, rebellion, revolution, the influence of social networks, and the impact on human rights. The journal draws upon many disciplines and theoretical perspectives as well as comparative approaches to provide some of the most groundbreaking work in a field that has hitherto lacked rigour. Terrorism and Political Violence features symposia and edited volumes to cover an important topic in depth. Subjects have included: terrorism and public policy; religion and violence; political parties and terrorism; technology and terrorism; and right-wing terrorism. The journal is essential reading for all academics, decision-makers, and security specialists concerned with understanding political violence.