Moyamoya Disease

Abstract Moyamoya disease is a rare disease that causes progressive narrowing of the intracranial internal carotid arteries, resulting in reduced blood supply to the brain, leading to strokes. It is a major cause of childhood stroke. A 10-year-old boy presented with recurrent left-hemispheric transient ischemic attack and seizures. On evaluation, the child was diagnosed as having bilateral moyamoya disease. The child was prescribed antiplatelets and antiepileptics and advised to drink 2 liters of water a day and to avoid dehydration. He was admitted for an elective revascularization surgery. Left-side superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery bypass with encephaloduroarteriomyosynangiosis was done. The child was monitored in the postoperative neurosurgery intensive care unit for 1 day for any postprocedure complications. Postoperative course was uneventful, and the child was discharged on the sixth postoperative day with instruction to continue antiplatelets and antiseizure medications. The outcome of cerebral revascularization in moyamoya disease is good, with reduction in ischemic events and seizures. Postoperative nursing care in neurosurgery units is important in preventing complications and achieving better outcomes.