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引用次数: 1
摘要
本文讨论了早期弗朗哥主义对“纯粹”和“应用”科学(主要是化学)范畴的几种挪用。在一场将“纯粹”科学视为与西班牙第二共和国文化固有联系的十字军东征的高潮时期,在新政权的早期教育政策中,在新成立的国家研究中心Consejo Superior de investigacones Científicas (CSIC)的背景下,“纯粹”的范畴承担了精神、宗教和反物质主义的价值。与此同时,相关的弗朗哥主义科学家强调了一种新的功利主义“应用”科学的崇高道德地位,以有效地服务于国家的物质需求。结果,“纯”科学和“应用”科学的分类,以及它们在公共演讲和宣传中的修辞使用,成为在科学与权力之间建立强大联盟的有用工具,巩固了独裁统治。
Constructing “Pure” and “Applied” Science in Early Francoism
The paper discusses several appropriations of the categories of “pure” and “applied” science (mainly in chemistry) in early Francoism. At the height of a crusade that criminalized “pure” science as inherently attached to the culture of the Second Spanish Republic, the category of “pure” assumed spiritual, religious and anti-materialist values in the early education policies of the new regime, in the context of the newly founded national research centre, the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). At the same time, relevant Francoist scientists stressed the high moral status of a new utilitarian, “applied” science, to efficiently serve the material needs of the country. As a result, the categories of “pure” and “applied” science, and their rhetorical use in public addresses and propaganda, became useful tools for building a strong alliance between science and power that cemented the dictatorship.
期刊介绍:
Culture & History Digital Journal features original scientific articles and review articles, aimed to contribute to the methodological debate among historians and other scholars specialized in the fields of Human and Social Sciences, at an international level. Using an interdisciplinary and transversal approach, this Journal poses a renovation of the studies on the past, relating them and dialoguing with the present, breaking the traditional forms of thinking based on chronology, diachronic analysis, and the classical facts and forms of thinking based exclusively on textual and documental analysis. By doing so, this Journal aims to promote not only new subjects of History, but also new forms of addressing its knowledge.