{"title":"从根到入侵:揭示外来入侵植物丛枝菌根真菌的意义","authors":"Pradeep K. Singh","doi":"10.1080/00207233.2023.2224697","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Sir, The intricate relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and invasive alien plants (IAPs) needs to be better understood. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in shaping the outcomes of plant invasions by influencing invasive alien plants’ biology and ecology. One significant impact is their effect on plant nutrient acquisition. Invasive species often exhibit rapid growth rates and aggressive competitive abilities, partly attributed to their efficient uptake of limiting nutrients through AMF symbiosis [1]. The enhanced nutrient uptake conferred by AMF allows invasive plants to proliferate even in nutrient-poor soils, giving them a competitive advantage over native flora. IAPs can have varying effects on mycorrhizal communities, depending on their symbiotic dependency and other plant traits. Some invasive species may hinder AMF and affect native plant competitiveness. Others may modify the mycorrhizal community to their advantage. These interactions can provide valuable insights into the dynamics of invasive species and the ecological consequences of their establishment [2]. Invasive alien plants can disrupt ecosystems and displace native flora, leading to a decline in biodiversity and ecological imbalances and they can cause significant economic losses by reducing agricultural productivity and affecting natural resources [3]. It may be useful to highlight the role of AMF in the establishment and spread of IAPs, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. Ageratum conyzoides, Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camara, Cannabis sativa and Prosopis juliflora have invaded vast areas, negatively impacting native plant diversity, agricultural productivity, and human health [4]. These IAPs often exhibit high levels of AMF colonisation. The interaction between AMF and IAPs can affect soil microbial communities and nutrient-cycling processes. AMF can alter the composition and activities of soil microbial communities, which, in turn, can influence ecosystem functioning [5]. Invasive plants with high AMF colonisation may modify soil microbial communities to favour their own growth, disrupting native soil processes and affecting the diversity and functioning of associated plant communities [6]. Exotic plant invasions can alter the diversity, richness, and functioning of soil microbial communities. Understanding these impacts is vital for effective management and restoration strategies aimed at mitigating the ecological consequences of IAPs. AMF associations with IAPs are specific and different invasive plant species can exhibit preferences for AMF species or strains, and these associations can vary across geographic regions [7]. Targeted management strategies will depend on the associations of the specific AMF species or strains with different IAPs. AMF-based biocontrol strategies have been explored, using specific AMF strains or communities that are antagonistic to invasive plants [8]. By introducing or enhancing the presence of these INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 2023, VOL. 80, NO. 5, 1209–1211 https://doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2023.2224697","PeriodicalId":14117,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"From roots to invasion: unravelling the significance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in invasive alien plants\",\"authors\":\"Pradeep K. Singh\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/00207233.2023.2224697\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Sir, The intricate relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and invasive alien plants (IAPs) needs to be better understood. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in shaping the outcomes of plant invasions by influencing invasive alien plants’ biology and ecology. One significant impact is their effect on plant nutrient acquisition. Invasive species often exhibit rapid growth rates and aggressive competitive abilities, partly attributed to their efficient uptake of limiting nutrients through AMF symbiosis [1]. The enhanced nutrient uptake conferred by AMF allows invasive plants to proliferate even in nutrient-poor soils, giving them a competitive advantage over native flora. IAPs can have varying effects on mycorrhizal communities, depending on their symbiotic dependency and other plant traits. Some invasive species may hinder AMF and affect native plant competitiveness. Others may modify the mycorrhizal community to their advantage. These interactions can provide valuable insights into the dynamics of invasive species and the ecological consequences of their establishment [2]. Invasive alien plants can disrupt ecosystems and displace native flora, leading to a decline in biodiversity and ecological imbalances and they can cause significant economic losses by reducing agricultural productivity and affecting natural resources [3]. It may be useful to highlight the role of AMF in the establishment and spread of IAPs, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. Ageratum conyzoides, Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camara, Cannabis sativa and Prosopis juliflora have invaded vast areas, negatively impacting native plant diversity, agricultural productivity, and human health [4]. These IAPs often exhibit high levels of AMF colonisation. The interaction between AMF and IAPs can affect soil microbial communities and nutrient-cycling processes. AMF can alter the composition and activities of soil microbial communities, which, in turn, can influence ecosystem functioning [5]. Invasive plants with high AMF colonisation may modify soil microbial communities to favour their own growth, disrupting native soil processes and affecting the diversity and functioning of associated plant communities [6]. Exotic plant invasions can alter the diversity, richness, and functioning of soil microbial communities. Understanding these impacts is vital for effective management and restoration strategies aimed at mitigating the ecological consequences of IAPs. AMF associations with IAPs are specific and different invasive plant species can exhibit preferences for AMF species or strains, and these associations can vary across geographic regions [7]. Targeted management strategies will depend on the associations of the specific AMF species or strains with different IAPs. AMF-based biocontrol strategies have been explored, using specific AMF strains or communities that are antagonistic to invasive plants [8]. 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From roots to invasion: unravelling the significance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in invasive alien plants
Sir, The intricate relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and invasive alien plants (IAPs) needs to be better understood. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in shaping the outcomes of plant invasions by influencing invasive alien plants’ biology and ecology. One significant impact is their effect on plant nutrient acquisition. Invasive species often exhibit rapid growth rates and aggressive competitive abilities, partly attributed to their efficient uptake of limiting nutrients through AMF symbiosis [1]. The enhanced nutrient uptake conferred by AMF allows invasive plants to proliferate even in nutrient-poor soils, giving them a competitive advantage over native flora. IAPs can have varying effects on mycorrhizal communities, depending on their symbiotic dependency and other plant traits. Some invasive species may hinder AMF and affect native plant competitiveness. Others may modify the mycorrhizal community to their advantage. These interactions can provide valuable insights into the dynamics of invasive species and the ecological consequences of their establishment [2]. Invasive alien plants can disrupt ecosystems and displace native flora, leading to a decline in biodiversity and ecological imbalances and they can cause significant economic losses by reducing agricultural productivity and affecting natural resources [3]. It may be useful to highlight the role of AMF in the establishment and spread of IAPs, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. Ageratum conyzoides, Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camara, Cannabis sativa and Prosopis juliflora have invaded vast areas, negatively impacting native plant diversity, agricultural productivity, and human health [4]. These IAPs often exhibit high levels of AMF colonisation. The interaction between AMF and IAPs can affect soil microbial communities and nutrient-cycling processes. AMF can alter the composition and activities of soil microbial communities, which, in turn, can influence ecosystem functioning [5]. Invasive plants with high AMF colonisation may modify soil microbial communities to favour their own growth, disrupting native soil processes and affecting the diversity and functioning of associated plant communities [6]. Exotic plant invasions can alter the diversity, richness, and functioning of soil microbial communities. Understanding these impacts is vital for effective management and restoration strategies aimed at mitigating the ecological consequences of IAPs. AMF associations with IAPs are specific and different invasive plant species can exhibit preferences for AMF species or strains, and these associations can vary across geographic regions [7]. Targeted management strategies will depend on the associations of the specific AMF species or strains with different IAPs. AMF-based biocontrol strategies have been explored, using specific AMF strains or communities that are antagonistic to invasive plants [8]. By introducing or enhancing the presence of these INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 2023, VOL. 80, NO. 5, 1209–1211 https://doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2023.2224697
期刊介绍:
For more than 45 years, the International Journal of Environmental Studies has been pre-eminent in its field. The environment is understood to comprise the natural and the man-made, and their interactions; including such matters as pollution, health effects, analytical methods, political approaches, social impacts etc. Papers favouring an interdisciplinary approach are preferred, because the evidence of more than 45 years appears to be that many intellectual tools and many causes and effects are at issue in any environmental problem - and its solution. This does not mean that a single focus or a narrow view is unwelcome; provided always that the evidence is indicated and the method is robust. Pragmatic decision-making and applicable policies are subjects of interest, together with the problems in establishing facts about dynamic systems where long periods of observation and precise measurement may be difficult to secure. In other words, a systems or holistic approach to the environment and a scientific analysis are complementary, and the distinction between ’hard’ and ’soft’ science is bridged in most of the papers published. These may be on any item in the agenda of environmental science: land, water, food, conservation, population, risk analysis, energy, economics of ecological and non-ecological approaches, social advocacy of arguments for change, legal measures, implications of urbanism, energy choices, waste disposal, recycling, transport systems and other issues of mass society. There is concern also for marginal areas, under-developed societies, minorities, species loss; and indeed no element of the subject of environmental studies, seen in an international and interactive mode, is excluded.