{"title":"主动性、压力评估和问题解决:一个跨水平调节的中介模型","authors":"A. Espedido, Ben J. Searle","doi":"10.1080/02678373.2020.1767723","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Problem-solving demands have been shown to exert both positive and negative effects on employees. We examined whether these inconsistencies could be explained by the way people appraise (interpret) their problem-solving demands, either as a challenge or a threat. We proposed a cross-level moderated mediation model whereby the effects of problem-solving demands on a range of proactive behaviours (i.e. proactive innovation, problem prevention, voice, and proactive undermining) would be mediated by stress appraisals and moderated by psychological safety climate. Surveys were administered twice daily for 5 consecutive workdays to 248 employees from a variety of industries. Multilevel analyses showed that appraisals of challenge mediated the relationship between problem-solving demands and favourable forms of proactivity, whereas appraisals of threat mediated the relationship with unfavourable forms of proactivity. Depending on the type of proactive behaviour, these effects manifested at either the within- or between-person level. Finally, we observed a cross-level moderated mediation effect in which psychological safety climate strengthened the positive effects of within-person problem-solving demands on challenge appraisal, which in turn promoted proactive innovation. These results emphasise the explanatory power of stress appraisals and climate in shaping a range of proactive behaviours.","PeriodicalId":48199,"journal":{"name":"Work and Stress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2020-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02678373.2020.1767723","citationCount":"14","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Proactivity, stress appraisals, and problem-solving: A cross-level moderated mediation model\",\"authors\":\"A. Espedido, Ben J. Searle\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/02678373.2020.1767723\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"ABSTRACT Problem-solving demands have been shown to exert both positive and negative effects on employees. We examined whether these inconsistencies could be explained by the way people appraise (interpret) their problem-solving demands, either as a challenge or a threat. We proposed a cross-level moderated mediation model whereby the effects of problem-solving demands on a range of proactive behaviours (i.e. proactive innovation, problem prevention, voice, and proactive undermining) would be mediated by stress appraisals and moderated by psychological safety climate. Surveys were administered twice daily for 5 consecutive workdays to 248 employees from a variety of industries. Multilevel analyses showed that appraisals of challenge mediated the relationship between problem-solving demands and favourable forms of proactivity, whereas appraisals of threat mediated the relationship with unfavourable forms of proactivity. Depending on the type of proactive behaviour, these effects manifested at either the within- or between-person level. Finally, we observed a cross-level moderated mediation effect in which psychological safety climate strengthened the positive effects of within-person problem-solving demands on challenge appraisal, which in turn promoted proactive innovation. These results emphasise the explanatory power of stress appraisals and climate in shaping a range of proactive behaviours.\",\"PeriodicalId\":48199,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Work and Stress\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-05-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02678373.2020.1767723\",\"citationCount\":\"14\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Work and Stress\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2020.1767723\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Work and Stress","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2020.1767723","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
Proactivity, stress appraisals, and problem-solving: A cross-level moderated mediation model
ABSTRACT Problem-solving demands have been shown to exert both positive and negative effects on employees. We examined whether these inconsistencies could be explained by the way people appraise (interpret) their problem-solving demands, either as a challenge or a threat. We proposed a cross-level moderated mediation model whereby the effects of problem-solving demands on a range of proactive behaviours (i.e. proactive innovation, problem prevention, voice, and proactive undermining) would be mediated by stress appraisals and moderated by psychological safety climate. Surveys were administered twice daily for 5 consecutive workdays to 248 employees from a variety of industries. Multilevel analyses showed that appraisals of challenge mediated the relationship between problem-solving demands and favourable forms of proactivity, whereas appraisals of threat mediated the relationship with unfavourable forms of proactivity. Depending on the type of proactive behaviour, these effects manifested at either the within- or between-person level. Finally, we observed a cross-level moderated mediation effect in which psychological safety climate strengthened the positive effects of within-person problem-solving demands on challenge appraisal, which in turn promoted proactive innovation. These results emphasise the explanatory power of stress appraisals and climate in shaping a range of proactive behaviours.
期刊介绍:
Work & Stress is an international, multidisciplinary quarterly presenting high-quality papers concerned with the psychological, social and organizational aspects of occupational health and well-being, and stress and safety management. It is published in association with the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. The journal publishes empirical reports, scholarly reviews and theoretical papers. It is directed at occupational health psychologists, work and organizational psychologists, those involved with organizational development, and all concerned with the interplay of work, health and organisations. Research published in Work & Stress relates psychologically salient features of the work environment to their psychological, behavioural and health consequences, focusing on the underlying psychological processes. The journal has become a natural home for research on the work-family interface, social relations at work (including topics such as bullying and conflict at work, leadership and organizational support), workplace interventions and reorganizations, and dimensions and outcomes of worker stress and well-being. Such dimensions and outcomes, both positive and negative, include stress, burnout, sickness absence, work motivation, work engagement and work performance. Of course, submissions addressing other topics in occupational health psychology are also welcomed.