严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-COV-2)疫苗的研制

K. Inaku, A. Ene, S. Kasimu, D. Bolarin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)导致2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行。这是一种引起极端呼吸道感染的病原体,特别是因为世界人口以前没有免疫力,而且很少或没有统一接受的治疗方案。除非生产出有效的疫苗,否则病毒可能持续存在,造成相当大的发病率和死亡率。根据过去SARS和中东呼吸综合征的证据和经验,疫苗开发的主要重点是刺突糖蛋白,这被认为是SARS- cov -2免疫治疗的最重要靶点。双方进行了合作努力,以确保尽快进行生产,以挽救局势。三种候选疫苗分别由一种基于蛋白质的疫苗、一种源自猿猴的腺病毒载体和一种信使RNA疫苗制成。其中两家在第三阶段试验后发表了短期分析和有效结果。信使RNA疫苗首先在美国得到证实,腺病毒衍生疫苗在英国得到证实。本文对有关这种新病毒的现有知识的文献进行了叙述性回顾,因为它涉及根据新的和既定的疫苗开发方法制定的COVID-19疫苗计划,这些疫苗不仅有效而且安全。
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Development of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-COV-2) Vaccines
The new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) brings about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is a pathogen that causes extreme respiratory tract infection, especially as the world's populations had no previous immunity and there were little or no uniformly acceptable treatment options. The virus may persist to bring about considerable morbidity and mortality except an efficient vaccine is produced. Following erstwhile evidence and experience with SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome, the major focus to vaccine development was the spike glycoprotein, regarded as the most important target for SARS-CoV-2 immunotherapies. Collaborative efforts were undertaken to ensure that manufacturing occurred as quickly as possible to salvage the situation. Three vaccine candidates were respectively made of one protein-based vaccine, a simian-derived adenovirus vector, and one messenger RNA vaccine. Two of them published their short-term analyses and effective results after their third trial phase. The messenger RNA vaccine was first confirmed in the USA and the adenovirus-derived vaccine in the UK. This paper gives a narrative review of the literature on the present knowledge about this new virus as it concerns the drawn-up plans of COVID-19 vaccines that are not only effective but safe following the new and established approaches to vaccine development.
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来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
65
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: The Nigerian Journal of Medicine publishes articles on socio-economic, political and legal matters related to medical practice; conference and workshop reports and medical news.
期刊最新文献
Knowledge of common cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors among members of a community in South-South Nigeria Prevalence, associated factors, and outcomes of singleton preterm births at a Tertiary Hospital in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria Assessment of factors affecting treatment adherence in patients with chronic kidney disease in Nigeria: A survey from a tertiary health-care centre Oral Neurofibroma: 10-Year Experience in Enugu A community survey of the vaccination status of under-five children in a community in Southern Nigeria
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