言语刺激对侧声反射阈值的比较研究

J. Barney, K. Henry
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摘要

声反射(AR)是听力学领域研究的热点之一。事实上,自16世纪以来,AR的生理学就一直存在争议。历史上和临床上,AR是由纯音刺激引起的。在20世纪70年代和80年代,对不同的诱发刺激进行了实验,如:宽带噪声(BBN)、高频带噪声(HBN)、低频带噪声(LBN)和语音刺激。语音的振幅调制使得记录声反射阈值(ART)变得困难,因为它在测量机上产生了伪影。当考虑到生态效度,或研究结果应用于现实生活环境的能力时,语音信号是用于引发AR的所有类型刺激中最有效的。在本研究中,从NU-6单词列表1-A中创建了三个连接的语音刺激。NU-6单词列表1-A的单词被连接在一起以创建一个长语音刺激,这样做是为了消除由语音暂停引起的幅度调制所产生的伪影的影响。本研究的重点是比较以语音刺激作为诱导刺激的对侧ART与纯音刺激和不同噪声刺激的ART。总之,本文提出的研究结果提供了支持在临床测量ART时使用言语刺激的证据。研究结果还表明,在自我发声引起的噪音性听力损失方面有潜在的应用和进一步的研究机会,并且在测试中枢听觉处理障碍患者时,纯音和语音ART之间存在潜在的相关性。
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The Contralateral Acoustic Reflex Threshold Using Speech Stimuli: A Comparative Study
The acoustic reflex (AR) is a subject that has been highly studied in the field of audiology. In fact, the physiology of the AR has been debated about since the 16th century. Historically and clinically the AR has been elicited with pure tone stimuli. In the 1970’s and 1980’s different eliciting stimuli were experimented with, such as: broadband noise (BBN), highband noise (HBN), lowband noise (LBN) and speech stimuli. The amplitude modulation of speech has made it difficult to record the acoustic reflex threshold (ART) due to the artifact that it creates on the measuring machine. When ecological validity, or the ability of the findings of the research to be applied to real-life setting, is taken into account, speech signals are the most valid of all types of stimuli that have been used to elicit the AR. In this study, three concatenated speech stimuli were created from the NU-6 word list 1-A. The words for the NU-6 word list 1-A were concatenated together to create one long speech stimuli, this was done to eliminate the impact of the artifact created by the amplitude modulation that is caused by the pauses in speech. The focus of this study was to compare the contralateral ART using the speech stimuli as the eliciting stimuli for the ART with a pure tone stimulus and different noise stimuli. Together, the findings presented here provide evidence supporting the use of the speech stimuli when measuring the ART clinically. The findings also suggest potential application and further research opportunities for noise induced hearing loss caused by self-vocalizations and a potential correlation for pure tone versus speech ART when testing individuals with central auditory processing disorders.
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