基于因子评级模型的交通物流综合体网络建设效率分析

A. Pasichnyk, I. Lebid, Y. Kushchenko
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It is established that the known methods developed to determine the location of individual transport and logistics centers do not allow to optimize the relevant logistics infrastructure focused on the processing of freight traffic in the transport system of the country. To build an effective solution to the problem of optimal location of several logistics transport and customs complexes, a method for determining the factor-rating potential of urban efficiency for their location in Ukraine, taking into account transport, economic and administrative factors. An assessment of transport work was conducted for 165 settlements of Ukraine, which include cities with a population of more than 30,000 people, as well as settlements with established customs posts or cargo checkpoints across the customs border of Ukraine. For each city, the relative consumption of imported foodstuffs is taken into account. 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摘要

本文介绍了因子评级方法的有效性分析结果,该方法解决了乌克兰物流运输和海关基础设施要素的最佳位置问题,同时最大限度地减少了货物运输的运输工作。已经确定了足够数量且经济合理的物流运输和海关综合体,用于处理一定数量的进口货物流。本研究采用系统和因素分析的方法对货物加工的计算参数进行分析,考虑到运输、经济和行政因素对领土发展的影响。已经确定,为确定单个运输和物流中心的位置而开发的已知方法不允许优化该国运输系统中专注于货运处理的相关物流基础设施。为有效解决几个物流运输和海关综合体的最佳选址问题,制定一种方法,在考虑运输、经济和行政因素的情况下,确定其在乌克兰选址的城市效率潜在因素评级。对乌克兰165个定居点的运输工作进行了评估,其中包括人口超过30000人的城市,以及在乌克兰海关边界设有海关哨所或货物检查站的定居点。对于每个城市,进口食品的相对消费都被考虑在内。根据上述算法,对在乌克兰各地运营一至十个物流运输和海关综合体的备选方案进行了计算。对计算结果的分析表明,在建立1至5个运输和海关物流综合体的情况下,运输工作量有效减少。物流运输和海关综合体数量的进一步增加,以及资本投资的增加,并不会导致运输工作总量的大幅减少。因此,该地区建立物流运输和海关综合体的城市的因素评级潜力是最合理的,具有以下值:第聂伯罗0.46;基辅0.46;利沃夫0.54;敖德萨0.69;哈尔科夫0.62。对物流运输和海关综合体最佳位置有效性的评估结果可以在乌克兰运输系统中实施,以建设物流基础设施,处理足够大的货物流量。
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ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF BUILDING A NETWORK OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS COMPLEXES BASED ON THE FACTOR-RATING MODEL
The article presents the results of the analysis of the effectiveness of the factor-rating method of solving the problem of finding the optimal location of elements of the logistics transport and customs infrastructure of Ukraine with the minimization of transport work on cargo transportation. A sufficient and economically justified number of logistics transport and customs complexes for processing the imported cargo flow of a given volume has been determined. The study uses methods of systematic and factor analysis of the calculated parameters of cargo processing, taking into account transport, economic and administrative factors of territorial development. It is established that the known methods developed to determine the location of individual transport and logistics centers do not allow to optimize the relevant logistics infrastructure focused on the processing of freight traffic in the transport system of the country. To build an effective solution to the problem of optimal location of several logistics transport and customs complexes, a method for determining the factor-rating potential of urban efficiency for their location in Ukraine, taking into account transport, economic and administrative factors. An assessment of transport work was conducted for 165 settlements of Ukraine, which include cities with a population of more than 30,000 people, as well as settlements with established customs posts or cargo checkpoints across the customs border of Ukraine. For each city, the relative consumption of imported foodstuffs is taken into account. According to the above algorithm, calculations were performed for options that provide for the operation of one to ten logistics transport and customs complexes throughout Ukraine. The analysis of the results of the calculations shows that the volume of transport work is effectively reduced in the case of the creation of 1 to 5 transport and customs logistics complexes. Further increase in the number of logistics transport and customs complexes, and consequently capital investments, does not lead to a significant reduction in total transport work. Accordingly, the factor-rating potential for cities in the zone where the creation of logistics transport and customs complexes is the most rational and has the following values: Dnipro 0.46; Kyiv 0.46; Lviv 0.54; Odesa 0.69; Kharkiv 0.62. The results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of the optimal location of logistics transport and customs complexes can be implemented in the Ukrainian transport system in the construction of logistics infrastructure for the processing of cargo flows of sufficiently large volumes.
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