Diet-disease relationships: Recent advances in nutritional epidemiology

Nutritional  epidemiology currently studie s  the diet-disease relationship s . In order to evaluate these associations, an a ccurate estimation of  nutritional  exposure is essential . Traditional dietary questionnaires are being complemented with the measurement of nutritional biomarkers. New  methodologies, including  the use of  new  dietary assessments, metabolomics  for increasing the quantity and  quality of  biomarkers,  and  statistical approaches  to combine both techniques , are required to move forward this field. In this review, we have  selected five of the more relev ant accomplishments in this  field as examples of the importance of dietary factors in the prevention of non-communicable diseases .  This  theoretical  knowledge  need s  to be finally  translated  by  public health experts  in to dietary recommendations to the general population.