Effects of fibre-rich ingredient levels on goose growth performance, blood profile, foie gras quality and its fatty acid profile: a meta-analysis

. A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effect of different sources and levels of dietary fibre-rich ingredients on the growth performance, foie gras quality, and its fatty acid profile in geese. Peer-reviewed articles were strictly evaluated, and selected according to the protocols of the Systematic Review for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE’). The final dataset consisted of 21 in vivo studies covering 83 treatment units. Meta-analysis was performed using a non-linear mixed model (NLME) library. The quadratic patterns ( P < 0.001) of the gain:feed ratios were calculated based on the result of meta-analyses of goose data. The linear patterns ( P < 0.001) of foie gras quality were also presented. It was concluded from the meta-analysis based on in vivo studies that fibre-rich ingredients effectively improved foie gras quality.