受精卵激活:被子植物新一代的开始

IF 6 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI:10.1080/07352689.2022.2082160
Yun Xie, Wei Deng, H. Tian, Xue-yi Zhu
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在被子植物中,卵子与精子融合后,受精卵发生了许多结构、生理和分子生物学的变化。所有这些变化都促进了单倍体卵子向二倍体受精卵的转化,这一过程被称为母系到受精卵的转化(MZT)。在卵子、受精卵和受精卵中,每个阶段的变化都在精确的时空调节机制的控制下发生。本文综述了高等植物受精卵激活过程中发生的分子生物学变化,包括:亲本转录的成熟和激活;合子基因组激活(zygote genome activation, ZGA),合子基因组基因表达水平的变化;亲本基因组剂量的影响;以及合子不对称分裂的细胞测定。正是这些精确的时空调节机制,使卵细胞转化为受精卵,进行不对称的细胞分裂,并启动胚胎发生。最近的研究结果表明,合子分裂的调控是一个复杂的过程,发生在细胞(卵子、受精卵和受精卵)中。到目前为止,研究结果仅仅揭示了受精卵激活的冰山一角。需要更多的研究来探索合子激活的调控。
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Zygote Activation: The Start of the New Generation in Angiosperms
Abstract In angiosperms, after the egg fuses with the sperm, many structural, physiological, and molecular biological changes occur in the fertilized egg. All of these changes facilitate the conversion of the haploid egg into the diploid zygote, a process known as the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). In the egg, fertilized egg, and zygote, changes occur at each stage under the control of exact spatio-temporal regulation mechanisms. This review focuses on the molecular biological changes that occur during zygote activation in higher plants including the following: maturation and activation of intrinsic parental transcription; zygote genome activation (ZGA), changes in the expression levels of genes from the zygotic genome; the effect of parental genomic dosage; and cellular determination of zygotic asymmetrical division. It is these exact spatio-temporal regulation mechanisms that allow the egg to convert into the zygote, undergo asymmetrical cell division, and initiate embryogenesis. The results of recent studies have shown that the regulation of zygotic division is a complex process occurring in the cell (egg, fertilized egg, and zygote). The results so far have revealed just the tip of the iceberg of zygote activation. More research is required to explore the regulation of zygote activation.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.90
自引率
1.40%
发文量
15
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences focuses on presenting in-depth and up-to-date reviews of timely and/or cutting-edge subjects in the broad discipline of plant science, ranging from molecular biology/biochemistry through the areas of cell biology, plant pathology and physiology, genetics, classical botany, and ecology, to practical agricultural applications. Articles in the journal provide an up-to-date literature base for researchers and students, pointing the way towards future research needs. The journal is also a significant source of credible, objective information to aid decision makers at all levels.
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