The US Army’s multi-domain-operations doctrine

The US Army released an important new version of its doctrine for conducting multi-domain operations – Field Manual No. 3-0 – in October 2022. These are operations that require the coordinated use of army capabilities and those from other service branches in more than one physical domain (land, sea, air, space or cyberspace) or dimension (physical, human or informational). The doctrine is more specific than previous versions and focuses largely on threats that might be posed by China and Russia. Some questions remain unanswered, however, in part because the doctrine does not distinguish between Chinese and Russian approaches to warfare, which are different at the high-tactical and operational levels.