用于被动冷却和通风的内部热质量:自适应舒适极限、理想数量、内含碳

Q1 Engineering Buildings & cities Pub Date : 2022-03-02 DOI:10.5334/bc.156
Timothée de Toldi, S. Craig, L. Sushama
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引用次数: 2

摘要

自然通风的内部热质量在避免空调,减轻热浪和储存建筑物中的碳方面的效果如何?该研究结合了详细的气候模型输出和优化内部热质量与浮力通风的缩放规则。它确定了在未来热浪中这种被动设计策略最有效的地区,并确定了每个人在这些地区需要多少内部热质量来保持舒适,特别关注加拿大。结果表明,由于未来全球变暖,自然通风的内部热质量可能会变得不那么有效。确定了内部热质量不再足以避免空调的区域,以及它仍然可以在混合冷却中发挥重要作用的区域。通过比较不同地区的理想人均热质量,我们发现,如果考虑到表面积和厚度的热比例,生物质基材料需要的体积大约是胶凝材料的3.5倍。最后,对这些理想内部热质量的人均含碳量进行了分析,提出了一个公平的功能单位来比较热质量材料。合理且与建筑中使用的尺寸相似(≈6.3 cm厚的热质量,混凝土的内表面积为26.6 m2,大块木材的内表面积为13.6 cm厚和47.0 m2,定向稻草结构板的内表面积为8.8 cm厚和41.1 m2 - ossb)。基于这些发现,开发了生物质基材料的混凝土替代因子。最后,对人均最优热质量的隐含碳排放量进行了分析,表明后者可以作为低碳建筑设计中材料间比较生命周期评估(lca)的公平功能单位,以便比较同等性能的环境影响,而不是同等体积的材料。
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Internal thermal mass for passive cooling and ventilation: adaptive comfort limits, ideal quantities, embodied carbon
How effective is naturally ventilated internal thermal mass for obviating air-conditioning, mitigating heatwaves and storing carbon in buildings? This study combines detailed climate model outputs with scaling rules for optimizing internal thermal mass coupled with buoyancy ventilation. It identifies regions where this passive design strategy is most effective during future heatwaves and determines how much internal thermal mass each person needs to stay comfortable in these regions, with a special focus on Canada. Results suggest that naturally ventilated internal thermal mass is likely to become less effective due to future global heating. Regions where internal thermal mass will no longer be sufficient to obviate air-conditioning and where it can still play a significant role in hybrid cooling are identified. By comparing the ideal per capita thermal mass quantities in different regions, it is found that biomass-based materials require approximately 3.5 times the volume of cementitious materials to perform equivalently, if thermal proportions for surface area and thickness are respected. Finally, an analysis of the per capita embodied carbon of these ideal internal thermal mass quantities is undertaken, suggesting a fair functional unit to compare thermal mass materials. reasonable and similar to dimensions used in construction (≈ 6.3 cm-thick thermal mass with an interior surface area of 26.6 m 2 for concrete, 13.6 cm thick and 47.0 m 2 for mass timber, and 8.8 cm thick and 41.1 m 2 for oriented straw structural boards—OSSB). Based on these findings, concrete substitution factors are developed for biomass-based materials. Finally, an analysis of the embodied carbon emissions of per capita optimal thermal mass quantities is performed, suggesting that the latter could be used as a fair functional unit for inter-material comparative lifecycle assessments (LCAs) in low-carbon building design to allow a comparison of the environmental impact of equivalently performing, rather than equivalent volumes of materials.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
25 weeks
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