Psychological Attributes of Primary School Piano Learners Preparing for Regional and National Music Competitions in South Africa

Abstract Music competitions play a role in the musical and holistic development of talented primary school piano learners, especially concerning exposure to stage performances; mastery of challenging repertoire; and dealing with tension and emotions during and after competition participation. This article reports on a study that aimed to address the gap in the literature regarding the handling of psychological attributes of primary school piano learners preparing for music competitions. The four attributes identified were: a growth mindset; the handling of tension and stage fright; emotional well-being; and motivation. A qualitative research method was applied to investigate the experiences of competition candidates and experienced teachers enrolling their learners for competitions regarding competition preparation and participation. Data collection consisted of open-ended, semi-structured interviews, biographic questionnaires, and a literature study. The study focused on regional and national music competitions for primary school learners, specifically regarding piano teaching. The findings indicated that learners experienced growth as a musician and a person because of their participation in music competitions; that learner development occurred on a personal and artistic level; and that the teacher was central in helping the learner to handle the psychological attributes. Music competitions should be seen as development opportunities rather than end goals. The findings could be valuable for teachers enrolling learners for competitions and current and future competition participants.