在美国探索带薪病假与医疗保健利用和健康结果的关系:快速证据审查

Suhang Song , Brian H. Calhoun , James E. Kucik , Kristin J. Konnyu , Renata Hilson
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引用次数: 1

摘要

带薪病假(PSL)法律规定雇主在员工生病或受伤时给予带薪休假。本研究的目的是检查获得PSL是否与医疗保健利用和健康结果相关,并总结已报道的与PSL相关的利用类型和结果。方法进行快速证据回顾。我们于2020年9月21日检索了Medline、Embase、PsycINFO、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Scopus和JSTOR等7个数据库,共发现757项研究,其中30项被保留。结果以往的证据多为调查资料的横断面研究。在本研究中,有证据表明PSL与某些类型的医疗保健利用和健康结果显着相关。在医疗保健利用方面,调查结果表明,PSL与一些预防服务的使用增加和紧急护理的使用减少有关;而关于PSL与医疗服务提供者就诊以及乳房x光检查和巴氏涂片检查的使用之间的关系,研究结果则是喜忧参半。至于健康结果,研究结果表明,PSL与改善精神健康和自我评估健康、降低流感样疾病发病率以及降低职业伤害和死亡率有关。结论psl可能是提高部分医疗服务利用率和改善健康状况的有效工具。未来的研究可能有助于确定PSL获取的机制,并确定哪些政策组成部分会带来更好的结果。
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Exploring the association of paid sick leave with healthcare utilization and health outcomes in the United States: a rapid evidence review

Objective

Paid sick leave (PSL) laws mandate employers give workers paid time off when they are sick or injured. This current study aims to examine whether access to PSL is associated with healthcare utilization and health outcomes and to summarize the types of utilization and outcomes which have been reported to be associated with PSL.

Methods

We conducted a rapid evidence review. Our search of seven databases, including Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, and JSTOR, on September 21, 2020, identified 757 studies, 30 of which were retained.

Results

Previous evidence is mostly provided by cross-sectional studies with survey data. In this study, evidence suggests that PSL is significantly associated with some types of healthcare utilization and health outcomes. In terms of healthcare utilization, findings indicate PSL is associated with an increase in the use of some preventive services and a decrease in the use of emergency care; while findings are mixed regarding associations of PSL with health provider visits and the use of mammograms and pap smears. As for health outcomes, findings suggest PSL is associated with improved mental and self-rated health, decreased incidence of influenza-like illness, and lower occupational injuries and mortality rates.

Conclusion

PSL may be an effective tool in improving some healthcare utilization and health outcomes. Future research could help identify mechanisms through which PSL access works and identify what policy components lead to better outcomes.

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来源期刊
Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Public Health and Health Policy
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