Optimasi Produksi Hidrolisat Protein Ikan Kuniran (Upeneus sulphureus) Secara Enzimatis

The characteristics of fish protein hydrolyzate (FPH) are affected by their hydrolysis process conditions. Production optimization of FPH kuniran fish (Upeneus sulphureus) has been carried out enzymatically with treatments of fish and water ratio (1: 1 and 1: 2) and protease enzymes 500 U; 1,000 U, and 1,500 U per 25 g fish. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) value of FPH was used to determine the optimum conditions of FPH production. Based on this optimum condition, the enlarged production of FPH (500 g of fish) was carried out. Chemical characteristics (moisture, ash, protein, fat, amino acids, protein digestibility, peptide, and molecular weight) and physical (color, the emulsion activity, and stability) of FPH from enlarged production were analyzed. The results showed that the ratio of fish and water and the amount of enzyme affect the DH value of FPH. At the enlarged scale, the chemical characteristics of FPH kuniran were generally influenced by different hydrolysis treatments but not their physical properties. The differences in protein, ash, and peptide content of FPH were more dominantly affected by differences in the fish and water ratio, while the combination treatments of the enzymes and the ratio of fish-water affected the amino acid content and protein digestibility of FPH. In general, the hydrolysis treatment using a 1,000 U enzyme/25 g fish and the ratio of fish and water 1:1 (code E1000A11) was the optimum treatment as seen from the highest protein, amino acid, peptide, and protein digestibility compared to other treatments. The high chemical content and digestibility of FPH provide an opportunity application of FPH as a nutritional enhancer for toddlers.