Novel routing mechanism for IoT based emergency rescue scenarios

Routing in emergency rescue scenarios where nodes around the site are mobile and send the information about the service needs to the concerned service providers through internet connectivity is an important issue. Focus is done by researchers in the respective fields for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs) but the scenarios having mobile nodes around the site and having IoT environment have not been addressed. As this type of case includes time constraint-based services, thus a new mechanism predicting mobility of nodes at gateway and multicasting of the required information accordingly, is proposed in this paper. Meta-heuristic-based algorithm, grasshopper optimisation algorithm (GOA) is modified to fit for the prediction and then applied for taking decision related to multicast routing named as grasshopper-based routing and mobility (GRAM) algorithm. This prediction helps the network to send updates to the emergency site with minimal cost and energy consumption. Analysis of results shows the improved performance of the proposed mechanism in terms of both speed and accuracy.