利用体外实验评价来自海坎尼亚森林的高加索苹果(Malus orientalis)对火疫病(Erwinia amylovora)的反应

IF 1 Q3 AGRONOMY Journal of Crop Improvement Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI:10.1080/15427528.2021.2012731
Narjes Amirchakhmaghi, H. Yousefzadeh, B. Hosseinpour, H. Abdollahi, Bjarne Larsen
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要苹果火疫病是由革兰氏阴性淀粉状欧文氏菌引起的致死性细菌病害,是苹果最具破坏性的细菌病害之一。野生高加索苹果(Malus orientalis)生长在土耳其、亚美尼亚、格鲁吉亚、俄罗斯和伊朗北部的赫卡尼亚森林。到目前为止,国内外还没有对海卡尼亚森林中东方桦对火疫病的抗性进行研究。因此,我们采用离体接种法对该地区4个不同种群(每种群2棵树)8个不同种群的东方松抗火疫病的反应进行了评价。以易患火疫病的MM.106和部分抗病的MM.111砧木为参考。从每个群体中选择2棵1年树龄的树,进行微繁殖,接种疫病菌株Ea273。连续10天,每24 h测定一次芽部坏死生长情况。从Soordar、Asalem和Siahbil种群中选择的个体在最终坏死生长方面与敏感的MM.106没有差异。然而,MM.111和Afratakhteh个体的坏死生长最低。Siahbil个体的最终坏死生长最大。测定了Siahbil和Afratakhteh个体主要清除酶的能力和抗氧化活性。接种后72小时,抗性个体与敏感个体之间的DPPH活性差异最大。过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在168hpi后最高。Afratakhteh和Siahbil个体过氧化物酶(POD)活性均升高。与Asalem, Siahbil和Soordar个体相比,两个Afratakhteh个体对火疫病的抗性更强。结果表明,不同自然居群间东方桦的抗火枯病能力存在较大差异。未来的苹果育种计划应该对潜在的抗火疫病个体感兴趣。
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Evaluating responses of Caucasian apple (Malus orientalis) from Hyrcanian forests to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) using an in vitro assay
ABSTRACT Fire blight, caused by the necrogenic gram-negative Erwinia amylovora, is one the most destructive bacterial diseases of apple. The wild Caucasian apple (Malus orientalis) is grown throughout Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Russia and the Hyrcanian forest in the northern part of Iran. So far, no studies on resistance to fire blight in M. orientalis from the Hyrcanian forest have been conducted. We therefore evaluated the response of four different populations of M. orientalis (two individual trees per population) eight individuals of M. orientalis from four different populations in this region for fire blight resistance, using an in vitro shoot-inoculation assay. The fire blight susceptible MM.106 and partly resistant MM.111 rootstocks were included as references. Two one-year old trees were selected from each population, which were then micropropagated and inoculated with the fire blight bacterial strain ‘Ea273ʹ. Necrosis growth along the shoots was measured every 24 h for 10 consecutive days. Selected individuals from Soordar, Asalem and Siahbil populations did not differ in the final necrosis growth from susceptible MM.106. However, the MM.111 and Afratakhteh individuals showed the lowest necrosis growth. The largest final necrosis growth was observed in the Siahbil individuals. The capacity of main scavenging enzymes and antioxidant activity were monitored in the Siahbil and the Afratakhteh individuals. The largest difference in the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity was observed at 72 hours post-inoculation (hpi) between resistant Afratakhteh and susceptible Siahbil individuals. The highest activity of catalase (CAT) enzyme occurred in the Afratakhteh individuals after 168 hpi. The peroxidase (POD) activity increased in both Afratakhteh and Siahbil individuals. The two Afratakhteh individuals were more resistant to fire blight compared to Asalem, Siahbil and Soordar individuals. Our results suggested that large differences in fire blight resistance existed in natural populations of M. orientalis. Potential fire blight-resistant individuals should be of interest for future apple-breeding programs.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
42
期刊介绍: Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology (JCSB) is a peer-reviewed international journal published four times a year. JCSB publishes novel and advanced original research articles on topics related to the production science of field crops and resource plants, including cropping systems, sustainable agriculture, environmental change, post-harvest management, biodiversity, crop improvement, and recent advances in physiology and molecular biology. Also covered are related subjects in a wide range of sciences such as the ecological and physiological aspects of crop production and genetic, breeding, and biotechnological approaches for crop improvement.
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